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Research on ultrasonic bone cutting mechanism based on extended finite element method
Linwei Wang1, Yu Liu2, Shiwei Wang1
1School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Northeastern University, Shenyang, 110819, China.
Biomechanics and Modeling in Mechanobiology
|January 23, 2024
Summary
Ultrasonic bone cutting relies on controlled crack propagation, with brittle and fatigue cracks being key mechanisms. Optimizing cutting efficiency involves using large amplitude and high-frequency ultrasonic vibrations, while avoiding transverse cutting directions is crucial for better surgical outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Biomaterials Engineering
- Orthopedic Surgery
- Mechanical Engineering
Background:
- Understanding bone crack propagation is vital for surgical tool development and parameter selection.
- Current methods lack detailed analysis of ultrasonic bone cutting mechanisms.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop an extended finite element method (X-FEM) model for ultrasonic bone cutting.
- To quantitatively analyze the influence of cutting direction, ultrasonic parameters, and cutting parameters on crack propagation.
Main Methods:
- Developed an X-FEM model incorporating bone microstructure.
- Simulated ultrasonic bone cutting under various parameter conditions.
Main Results:
- Ultrasonic bone cutting is a controlled crack propagation process (brittle and fatigue cracks).
- High amplitude and high frequency enhance cutting efficiency.
- Transverse cutting direction leads to the largest crack deflection and poorest surface quality.
- Amplitude positively correlates with deflection angle, propagation length, and rate, enabling control over crack propagation.
Conclusions:
- Ultrasonic vibration speed dominates crack propagation characteristics.
- The X-FEM model aids in selecting optimal machining parameters for orthopedic robots and designing ultrasonic osteotomes.
- Avoiding transverse cutting directions is recommended for orthopedic surgical robots.
