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    This study introduces an efficient method for positronium lifetime imaging (PLI) to enhance medical diagnostics. The new technique reconstructs high-resolution lifetime images, offering valuable insights into disease progression.

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    Area of Science:

    • Medical Imaging
    • Nuclear Medicine
    • Biophysics

    Background:

    • Positron emission tomography (PET) visualizes biochemical processes using radiotracers.
    • Positronium formation in tissue influences tracer lifetime, offering disease insights.
    • Current methods lack high-resolution positronium lifetime imaging (PLI) capabilities.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop an efficient statistical image reconstruction method for PLI.
    • To analyze and correct for random triple-coincidence events in PLI.
    • To improve the accuracy and resolution of lifetime imaging for medical applications.

    Main Methods:

    • Developed a novel statistical image reconstruction algorithm for PLI.
    • Analyzed random triple-coincidence events specific to PLI.
    • Proposed and implemented a correction method for random events.
    • Validated the method using simulations and experimental data.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed method reconstructs high-resolution positronium lifetime images.
    • Achieved high numerical accuracy and low variance in lifetime images.
    • Obtained image resolution comparable to PET activity images with current time-of-flight resolution.
    • Demonstrated the effectiveness of the random event correction method.

    Conclusions:

    • The developed PLI reconstruction method is efficient and accurate.
    • The random event correction is crucial for practical PLI applications.
    • This technique offers a promising tool for enhanced disease understanding and treatment monitoring.