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Occupational therapy's oversight: How science veiled our humanity
Heleen Reid1, Clare Hocking1, Elizabeth Smythe1
1School of Clinical Sciences, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand.
Scandinavian Journal of Occupational Therapy
|January 23, 2024
Summary
Occupational therapy
Area of Science:
- Explores the historical influence of positivist science on occupational therapy.
- Examines the evolution of scientific thought within the profession.
Background:
- Occupational therapy's roots are linked to positivist science, drawing from fields like physics and psychology.
- Objective knowledge from science offers a foundation for practice but doesn't fully capture the human experience.
Purpose of the Study:
- To trace the history of scientific approaches in occupational therapy.
- To highlight the obscured subjective and ontological aspects of daily activities.
Main Methods:
- Employs a history of ideas methodology.
- Analyzes historical writings from 1800 to the 1980s to understand perceptions of people and practice.
Main Results:
- Reveals a historical trend of categorizing and delimiting individuals within occupational therapy.
- Demonstrates a systematic control of practice, leading to a more theoretical and abstract professional realm.
Conclusions:
- The historical emphasis on objectivity has overshadowed the subjective experience central to human practice.
- Re-evaluating the role of subjective experience is crucial for a holistic understanding of occupational therapy.
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