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A Comprehensive Review of Bone Health in a Child: From Birth to Adulthood

Sean A Tabaie1, Alana E O'Mara, Evan D Sheppard

  • 1From the Division of Orthopaedic Surgery and Sports Medicine, Children's National Hospital (Tabaie, Sheppard, and Tosi), and Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, George Washington University School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Washington, DC (O'Mara).

The Journal of the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
|January 23, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Pediatric osteoporosis, or poor bone health in children, is often underdiagnosed due to limitations in current definitions. Early screening and a multidisciplinary approach are crucial for managing childhood bone disorders.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatric Endocrinology
  • Pediatric Orthopedics
  • Bone Metabolism

Background:

  • Childhood bone health is vital for growth and development.
  • Fractures in children without trauma suggest underlying bone health issues.
  • Current definitions of pediatric osteoporosis may lead to underdiagnosis.

Approach:

  • Review of current pediatric osteoporosis definitions and diagnostic limitations.
  • Discussion on optimal screening initiation timing and bone assessment techniques.
  • Identification of primary and secondary causes of pediatric osteoporosis.

Key Points:

  • Underdiagnosis of pediatric osteoporosis is a concern due to definition limitations.
  • Various bone health assessment techniques have distinct benefits and drawbacks.
  • Several primary and secondary conditions can impair pediatric bone quality.

Conclusions:

  • A multidisciplinary approach is essential for effective therapeutic management.
  • Optimizing patient outcomes requires improved care for pediatric bone health disorders.
  • Addressing underdiagnosis and identifying diverse etiologies are key to better pediatric bone health.

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