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Optic neuropathy in high myopia: Glaucoma or high myopia or both?
Xiulan Zhang1, Jingwen Jiang1, Kangjie Kong1
1State Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Guangdong Provincial Clinical Research Center for Ocular Diseases, Guangzhou, 510060, China.
Progress in Retinal and Eye Research
|January 23, 2024
Summary
High myopia can cause optic nerve damage similar to glaucoma, posing diagnostic challenges. This review differentiates these conditions using imaging and visual field tests to guide management.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Optic Neuropathy
- High Myopia Research
Background:
- High myopia is globally prevalent, increasing optic nerve damage concerns.
- High myopia shares features with glaucomatous optic neuropathy, complicating diagnosis.
- Accurate differentiation is crucial for managing glaucoma suspects with high myopia.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review and compare optic neuropathy in high myopia and glaucoma.
- To identify structural and functional similarities and differences.
- To aid in distinguishing underlying mechanisms and informing management strategies.
Main Methods:
- Comparative analysis of optic neuropathy in high myopia and glaucoma.
- Evaluation of fundus photography findings.
- Assessment of optical coherence tomography (OCT) scans.
- Review of visual field test results.
Main Results:
- High myopia and glaucoma exhibit overlapping structural and functional optic nerve changes.
- Distinctive features exist that can aid in differentiation.
- Understanding these differences is key to appropriate patient management.
Conclusions:
- Differentiating high myopia-related optic neuropathy from glaucoma is essential.
- Utilizing fundus photography, OCT, and visual field tests aids diagnosis.
- Tailored management strategies are necessary for patients with high myopia and glaucoma.
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