Botulinum toxin and its uses in the treatment of ocular disorders

The recent utilization of type A botulinum toxin in clinical ophthalmology makes it important for all health professionals involved in eye care to understand the action of this "non-surgical" tool. This paper summarizes the present knowledge concerning the chemistry, toxicology, and pathophysiology of the toxin. It also discusses the indications, contraindications, safety, and efficacy of this use of botulinum toxin.