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Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Drug-Induced Sleep Endoscopy DISE with Target Controlled Infusion TCI and Bispectral Analysis in Obstructive Sleep Apnea
Published on: December 6, 2016
Interfering with sleep apnea
Nigel Paul Pedersen1, Raul Castillo Astorga2
1Department of Neurology, School of Medicine and Center for Neuroscience, University of California, Davis, 1515 Newton Court, Davis, CA, 95618, USA. nppedersen@ucdavis.edu.
Abstract:
The effects of electromagnetic interference have been hiding in plain sight for millennia and are now being applied to the non-invasive stimulation of deep tissues. In the article by Missey et al., the effect of non-invasive stimulation of the hypoglossal nerve by an interference envelope of interfering carrier waves is examined in mice and participants with sleep apnea. This stimulation is capable of activating the nerve and reducing apnea-hypopnea events. Temporally interfering electric fields have potential applications far beyond hypoglossal stimulation and may represent a revolutionary new approach to treating illness and understanding the functional organization of the nervous system.
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