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Major histocompatibility complex (MHC) gene frequency in acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation: a case control
Keshavamurthy Vinay1, Divya Kamat1, Vignesh Narayan R1
1Department of Dermatology, Venereology & Leprology, Post Graduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
International Journal of Dermatology
|January 24, 2024
Summary
Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele frequencies are linked to autoimmune diseases. This study found specific HLA alleles associated with acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH) in Indian patients, suggesting a potential genetic predisposition.
Area of Science:
- Immunogenetics
- Dermatology
- Human Leukocyte Antigen (HLA) research
Background:
- Human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele frequencies are implicated in the pathogenesis of various autoimmune diseases.
- Acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH) is a dermatological condition with potential autoimmune links.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between specific human leukocyte antigen (HLA) allele frequencies and acquired dermal macular hyperpigmentation (ADMH) in an Indian cohort.
- To identify potential genetic markers for ADMH.
Main Methods:
- Recruited 31 Indian patients with ADMH and 60 healthy controls.
- Collected blood samples for DNA extraction and human leukocyte antigen (HLA) typing.
- Analyzed the expression of HLA A, B, C, DR, DQ-A, and DQ-B alleles.
Main Results:
- A significant association was found between ADMH and specific HLA alleles: HLA A*03:01, HLA B*07:02, HLA C*07:02, HLA DRB1*10:01, and HLA DRB1*15:02.
- Conversely, HLA DQB*03:01 showed a decreased association with ADMH.
- The majority of patients were female (23:8 ratio) and had Fitzpatrick skin type IV (83.9%).
Conclusions:
- Patients with ADMH exhibit a higher likelihood of possessing specific HLA alleles (A*03:01, B*07:02, C*07:02, DRB1*10:01, DRB1*15:02) and a lower likelihood of having HLA DQB*03:01.
- These findings suggest a genetic predisposition to ADMH involving specific HLA alleles.
- Further large-scale cohort studies focusing on these identified alleles are recommended.
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