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The mediating effect of self-efficacy on the relationship between social support and medication adherence in adults
Khadijeh Khalili Azar1, Amirreza Mirzaei2, Ali-Reza Babapour3
1Department of Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Tabriz Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tabriz, Iran.
Objective:
To evaluate the status of medication adherence in diabetic patients and its effective factors.
Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted with 170 diabetic patients in Iran. Participants were assessed for medication adherence, self-efficacy, and social support. Descriptive statistics, bivariate analyses, and multiple stepwise regression were conducted to explore predictors for medication adherence.
Results:
Regression analysis showed that 48% of medication adherence changes stemmed from the four variables including social support, self-efficacy, income, and education levels, (R2adj = 0.480, F = 39.943, p < 0.001). According to the model, the highest effects were related to income level (β = 0.332, t = 5.493, p ⩽ 0.001) and self-efficacy (β = 0.330, t = 4.789, p ⩽ 0.001), respectively. Based on the final model, only the social support variable showed no significant relationship with adherence (β = 0.002, t = 0.032, p = 0.947).
Conclusion:
Social support and self-efficacy were related to medication adherence in diabetic patients, and social support can improve medication adherence in patients with diabetes by affecting self-efficacy. Healthcare workers who interact with individuals with diabetes should take into account the factors mentioned above when designing health promotion interventions to address the needs of these individuals.
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