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The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

The Quantum-Mechanical Model of an Atom

Shortly after de Broglie published his ideas that the electron in a hydrogen atom could be better thought of as being a circular standing wave instead of a particle moving in quantized circular orbits, Erwin Schrödinger extended de Broglie’s work by deriving what is now known as the Schrödinger equation. When Schrödinger applied his equation to hydrogen-like atoms, he was able to reproduce Bohr’s expression for the energy and, thus, the Rydberg formula governing hydrogen spectra.

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Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Cooling an Optically Trapped Ultracold Fermi Gas by Periodical Driving

Published on: March 30, 2017

Optical circuit compactification for ultracold atoms.

Manikandan Kondappan^1,2, Valentin Ivannikov^2,3, Tim Byrnes^1,4,5,6

¹State Key Laboratory of Precision Spectroscopy, School of Physical and Material Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China.

The Review of Scientific Instruments

|January 24, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

We created a compact optical circuit for ultracold atom experiments. This system efficiently combines optical beams, achieving high power efficiency for quantum research applications.

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Last Updated: Jul 5, 2025

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Area of Science:

Atomic, Molecular & Optical Physics
Quantum Optics
Experimental Physics

Background:

Precise control of ultracold atoms requires sophisticated optical setups.
Integrating multiple optical beams for cooling, imaging, and control can be complex.
Existing methods may lack compactness or efficiency.

Purpose of the Study:

To design and implement a modular and compact optical circuit.
To generate optical beams for cooling, imaging, and controlling ultracold atoms.
To simplify the optical setup by admixing repumping beams within single-mode fibers.

Main Methods:

Development of a modular optical circuit design.
Integration of repumping beams into dedicated single-mode fibers.
Implementation and characterization of the optical circuit's output.

Main Results:

Achieved optical power efficiency of approximately 97% within the circuit.
Demonstrated fiber coupling efficiencies ranging from 62% to 85%.
The designed circuit is compact and features controllable optical sources.

Conclusions:

The developed optical circuit offers a simplified and efficient solution for ultracold atom experiments.
Its compact design and high efficiency make it adaptable for various quantum gas applications.
This technology facilitates advanced research in atomic physics and quantum technologies.