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Halogens03:01

Halogens

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Group 17 elements, known as halogens, are nonmetals. At room temperature, fluorine and chlorine are gases, bromine is a liquid, and iodine a solid. Astatine is a highly unstable radioactive element, so currently, most of its properties are unknown due to its short half-life. Tennessine is a synthetic element also predicted to be in this group. 
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Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones01:17

Oxidation of Phenols to Quinones

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In the presence of oxidizing agents, phenols are oxidized to quinones. Quinones can be easily reduced back to phenols using mild reducing agents. The electron-donating hydroxyl group enhances the reactivity of the aromatic ring, enabling oxidation of the ring even in the absence of an α hydrogen.
o-hydroxy phenols are oxidized to o-quinones and p-hydroxy phenols to p-quinones. Such redox reactions involve the transfer of two electrons and two protons. The reversible redox...
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Crown Ethers02:36

Crown Ethers

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Crown ethers are cyclic polyethers that contain multiple oxygen atoms, usually arranged in a regular pattern. The first crown ether was synthesized by Charles Pederson while working at DuPont in 1967. For this work, Pedersen was co-awarded the 1987 Nobel Prize in Chemistry. Crown ethers are named using the formula x-crown-y, where x is the total number of atoms in the ring and y is the number of ether oxygen atoms. The term 'crown' refers to the crown-like shape that these ether...
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Oxidation of Alkenes: Syn Dihydroxylation with Osmium Tetraoxide

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Alkenes are converted to 1,2-diols or glycols through a process called dihydroxylation. It involves the addition of two hydroxyl groups across the double bond with two different stereochemical approaches, namely anti and syn. Dihydroxylation using osmium tetroxide progresses with syn stereochemistry.
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Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview01:06

Interfacial Electrochemical Methods: Overview

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Interfacial electrochemical methods focus on the phenomena occurring at the boundary between an electrode and a solution, as opposed to bulk methods that concentrate on the solution's overall properties. These interfacial methods are classified as either static or dynamic based on the presence of a nonzero current in the electrochemical cell and the consistency of analyte concentrations. Static methods, such as potentiometry, measure the cell's potential without any significant current...
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Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules01:19

Oxidation and Reduction of Organic Molecules

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Energy production within a cell involves many coordinated chemical pathways. Most of these pathways are combinations of oxidation and reduction reactions, which occur at the same time. An oxidation reaction strips an electron from an atom in a compound, and the addition of this electron to another compound is a reduction reaction. Because oxidation and reduction usually occur together, these pairs of reactions are called redox reactions.
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Feroxyhyte - from synthesis and characterization to application.

Małgorzata Wiśniewska1, Monika Wawrzkiewicz2, Teresa Urban1

  • 1Department of Radiochemistry and Environmental Chemistry, Institute of Chemical Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry, Maria Curie- Sklodowska University in Lublin, M. Curie-Sklodowska Sq. 3, 20-031, Lublin, Poland.

Chemphyschem : a European Journal of Chemical Physics and Physical Chemistry
|January 24, 2024
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Summary

Feroxyhyte (δ-FeOOH) effectively adsorbs anionic and cationic dyes, showing high adsorption capacities. Its performance is influenced by surfactants and polymers, impacting surface properties and adsorption mechanisms.

Keywords:
acid violet 1adsorptionbasic blue 3dyesremoval

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Environmental Chemistry
  • Surface Chemistry

Background:

  • Feroxyhyte (δ-FeOOH) is a mineral with potential applications in water treatment.
  • Dye contamination in water bodies poses significant environmental challenges.
  • Understanding adsorption mechanisms is crucial for developing effective dye removal strategies.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To synthesize and characterize feroxyhyte (δ-FeOOH).
  • To investigate the adsorption of anionic (C.I. Acid Violet 1) and cationic (C.I. Basic Blue 3) dyes onto feroxyhyte.
  • To explore the influence of surfactants and polymers on dye adsorption and surface properties.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of feroxyhyte using XRD, STA, SEM-EDS, and N2 adsorption-desorption.
  • Dye adsorption studies using Langmuir, Freundlich, and Dubinin-Radushkevich isotherm models.
  • Surface and electrokinetic property analysis, including zeta potential and point of zero charge.

Main Results:

  • Feroxyhyte exhibited significant adsorption capacities for both anionic (36.6 mg/g for AV1) and cationic (187 mg/g for BB3) dyes.
  • Adsorption performance was affected by the presence of cationic (CTAB) and anionic (SDS) surfactants, and ionic polymers (PAA, PEI).
  • Surface charge density, zeta potential, point of zero charge, and isoelectric point were determined for feroxyhyte with and without adsorbed organic layers.

Conclusions:

  • Feroxyhyte is a promising adsorbent for removing anionic and cationic dyes from aqueous solutions.
  • Surfactants and polymers significantly alter the adsorption behavior and surface properties of feroxyhyte.
  • Analysis of surface and electrokinetic properties provides insights into the electrical double layer structure at the iron mineral/aqueous solution interface.