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Updated: May 14, 2026

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Self-assembled high polypyrrole loading flexible paper-based electrodes for high-performance supercapacitors.

Dezhe Fan1, Zhiqiang Fang2, Zihang Xiong1

  • 1School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, State Key Laboratory of Pulp and Paper Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China.

Journal of Colloid and Interface Science
|January 24, 2024
PubMed
Summary

We developed a high-loading flexible electrode using MXene and Polypyrrole on paper, achieving exceptional areal capacitance and conductivity for advanced energy storage devices.

Keywords:
Areal capacitanceFlexibleFreestandingHigh loadingSupercapacitor

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Nanotechnology

Background:

  • Freestanding flexible electronics offer advantages like binder-free design and cost-effectiveness.
  • A key challenge for high-performance flexible electrodes is the limited loading capacity of active materials.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop a novel high-loading paper-based flexible electrode with exceptional areal capacitance.
  • To overcome the limitations of current flexible electrode materials for practical applications.

Main Methods:

  • Integrated self-assembly and in-situ polymerization techniques.
  • Fabricated a MXene/Polypyrrole/Paper composite electrode.
  • Grafted polypyrrole onto paper fibers using MXene via hydrogen bonding and electrostatic interactions.

Main Results:

  • Achieved exceptionally high polypyrrole loading (10.0 mg/cm²) and conductivity (2.03 S/cm).
  • Exhibited a homogeneous pore size distribution (5-50 μm) and increased specific surface area (3.11 m²/g).
  • Demonstrated remarkable areal capacitance (2316 mF/cm²), high energy density (83.6 μWh/cm²), and excellent cycling stability (96% retention after 10,000 cycles).
  • Maintained over 90% capacitance and conductivity after 100 bends, indicating superior flexibility.

Conclusions:

  • Presented a facile and versatile strategy for assembling high-loading, paper-based flexible supercapacitor networks.
  • The developed electrode significantly outperforms existing paper-based flexible electrodes.
  • The approach is suitable for developing large-scale energy storage devices.