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Related Concept Videos

Steel Fastening Techniques01:17

Steel Fastening Techniques

151
Steel sections can be joined together through various fastening techniques including riveting, bolting, and welding, each suitable for different structural requirements and conditions.
Rivets are cylindrical steel fasteners with a specially designed head. During application, rivets are heated until white-hot and then inserted through pre-drilled holes in the steel sections. A pneumatic hammer is used to shape the exposed end into a second head, securing the sections together.
Bolting is another...
151

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Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Reverse Microemulsion-mediated Synthesis of Monometallic and Bimetallic Early Transition Metal Carbide and Nitride Nanoparticles
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Engineering metal-carbide hydrogen traps in steels.

Pang-Yu Liu1,2, Boning Zhang3,4, Ranming Niu1,2

  • 1Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, 2006, Australia.

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|January 24, 2024
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Adding molybdenum to steel enhances hydrogen trapping in metal carbides, improving durability for the hydrogen economy. This research clarifies how carbon vacancies in carbides act as effective hydrogen traps.

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Metallurgy
  • Hydrogen Embrittlement

Background:

  • Hydrogen embrittlement compromises structural steel durability, a critical issue for the hydrogen economy.
  • Carbon vacancies in metal carbides are identified as key hydrogen traps in steels.
  • Enhancing hydrogen trapping capacity requires increasing carbon vacancies within metal carbides.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the role of molybdenum in altering hydrogen trapping mechanisms in steel carbides.
  • To compare the hydrogen trapping behavior of titanium carbides (TiCs) with Ti-Mo carbides.
  • To verify the concept of increasing carbon vacancies to enhance hydrogen trapping capacity.

Main Methods:

  • Comparative analysis of a reference steel (TiCs) and an experimental steel (Ti-Mo carbides).
  • Utilized theoretical modeling to understand hydrogen-material interactions.
  • Employed experimental techniques to examine hydrogen trapping behavior.

Main Results:

  • Molybdenum addition creates Ti-Mo carbides with a higher concentration of carbon vacancies compared to TiCs.
  • Molybdenum alters the hydrogen trapping mechanism, allowing hydrogen to access carbon vacancy traps.
  • The experimental steel demonstrated an increased hydrogen trapping capacity.

Conclusions:

  • Introducing molybdenum into steel effectively increases hydrogen trapping capacity by creating more carbon vacancies in carbides.
  • This approach offers a promising strategy to mitigate hydrogen embrittlement in structural steels.
  • Understanding and manipulating hydrogen-carbide interactions are crucial for developing durable materials for the hydrogen economy.