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Toxicological Effects of Inhaled Crude Oil Vapor
Jeffrey S Fedan1, Janet A Thompson2, Tina M Sager1
1Health Effects Laboratory Division, National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, 1095 Willowdale Road, Morgantown, WV, 26505, USA.
Current Environmental Health Reports
|January 24, 2024
Summary
This review examines the health risks of workplace exposure to crude oil vapor (COV). Current evidence highlights the need for more research into COV
Area of Science:
- Occupational Health
- Toxicology
- Environmental Science
Background:
- Crude oil vapor (COV) is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons and other compounds encountered in oil extraction.
- Workers in upstream oil industries face risks including skin contact and inhalation of COV.
- Fatalities have been reported due to high-level COV inhalation from oil storage tanks.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the toxicological effects of workplace exposure to crude oil vapor (COV).
- To synthesize current epidemiologic and laboratory research on COV toxicity.
- To identify knowledge gaps regarding COV health consequences.
Main Methods:
- Systematic literature review of epidemiologic studies.
- Analysis of laboratory-based toxicological research.
- Assessment of studies on crude oil vapor exposure.
Main Results:
- Limited data exists on the specific toxicity of crude oil vapor (COV) itself.
- Existing research often focuses on individual hydrocarbons rather than the mixture.
- Workplace exposure to COV poses significant health risks, including potential fatality.
Conclusions:
- Further research is critically needed to understand the toxicological profile of crude oil vapor (COV).
- Occupational health guidelines for COV exposure require strengthening.
- Protecting workers from COV inhalation is a priority in the oil industry.
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