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Education as a soft power resource: A systematic review
Priya Gauttam1, Bawa Singh1, Sandeep Singh1
1Department of South and Central Asian Studies, School of International Studies, Central University of Punjab, Bathinda, 151401, India.
Higher education is increasingly vital for generating national soft power. This review analyzes key studies on education as a soft power resource, identifying conditions for its effective use in foreign policy.
Area of Science:
- International Relations
- Higher Education Studies
- Public Diplomacy
Background:
- Higher education's role in state foreign policy for soft power generation is growing.
- A systematic review of the educational aspect of soft power is lacking.
- International higher education is recognized as a significant soft power resource.
Purpose of the Study:
- To systematically review and analyze major studies on education as a soft power resource.
- To identify and examine diverse and conflicting arguments in the literature.
- To develop a framework for harnessing education as a soft power resource.
Main Methods:
- Systematic review of 48 peer-reviewed articles published between 2001 and 2022.
- Data organized into five sub-sections for analysis.
- Examination of contradictions within the literature to understand various perspectives.
Main Results:
- Identified key themes and arguments regarding education as a soft power resource.
- Analyzed contradictions and diverse perspectives within the existing literature.
- Developed a framework outlining essential conditions for utilizing education as a soft power asset.
Conclusions:
- Education is a potent, yet complex, soft power resource.
- Understanding the conditions for harnessing educational soft power is crucial for effective foreign policy.
- Further research is needed to explore the nuances and applications of educational soft power.
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