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The Reasoning through Evidence versus Advice (EvA) Scale: Scale Development and Validation.

Hwayong Shin¹, Priti Shah², Stephanie D Preston²

¹Department of Political Science, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan.

Journal of Personality Assessment

|January 25, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

People can improve well-being by heeding evidence over advice. The new Reasoning through Evidence versus Advice (EvA) scale measures individual differences in valuing scientific evidence versus following advisors.

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Area of Science:

Psychological science
Decision-making science

Background:

Individual well-being is influenced by how people process information.
Existing measures do not capture the tendency to rely on evidence versus advice.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and validate the Reasoning through Evidence versus Advice (EvA) scale.
To explore whether reasoning tendencies form a single dimension or distinct factors.

Main Methods:

Qualitative interviews and four quantitative studies with 1583 participants.
Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses, validity, and measurement invariance testing.
Scale development involved assessing pro-evidence, anti-evidence, pro-advice, and anti-advice dimensions.

Main Results:

A 16-item EvA scale with four distinct dimensions was developed.
The EvA scale demonstrated criterion validity, predicting health misinformation susceptibility, guideline adherence, vaccine confidence, and religiosity.
Individual differences in reasoning tendencies were identified across gender and education levels.

Conclusions:

The EvA scale offers a novel measure of individual differences in evidence versus advice reasoning.
These reasoning tendencies significantly predict real-world attitudes and behaviors.
The scale can aid in promoting informed decision-making and understanding susceptibility to misinformation.