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Related Concept Videos

Average Acceleration01:30

Average Acceleration

9.6K
The importance of understanding acceleration spans our day-to-day experiences, as well as the vast reaches of outer space and the tiny world of subatomic physics. In everyday conversation, to accelerate means to speed up. For instance, we are familiar with the acceleration of our car; the harder we apply our foot to the gas pedal, the faster we accelerate. The greater the acceleration, the greater the change in velocity over a given time. Acceleration is widely seen in experimental physics. In...
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Nuclear Transmutation03:20

Nuclear Transmutation

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Nuclear transmutation is the conversion of one nuclide into another. It can occur by the radioactive decay of a nucleus, or the reaction of a nucleus with another particle. The first manmade nucleus was produced in Ernest Rutherford’s laboratory in 1919 by a transmutation reaction, the bombardment of one type of nuclei with other nuclei or with neutrons. Rutherford bombarded nitrogen-14 atoms with high-speed α particles from a natural radioactive isotope of radium and observed...
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Momentum And Radiation Pressure01:20

Momentum And Radiation Pressure

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An object absorbing an electromagnetic wave would experience a force in the direction of propagation of the wave. This force occurs because electromagnetic waves contain and transport momentum. The force accounts for the wave's radiation pressure exerted on the object. Maxwell's prediction was confirmed in 1903 by Nichols and Hull by precisely measuring radiation pressures with a torsion balance. The measuring instrument had mirrors suspended from a fiber kept inside a glass container.
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Detection of Black Holes01:10

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Although black holes were theoretically postulated in the 1920s, they remained outside the domain of observational astronomy until the 1970s.
Their closest cousins are neutron stars, which are composed almost entirely of neutrons packed against each other, making them extremely dense. A neutron star has the same mass as the Sun but its diameter is only a few kilometers. Therefore, the escape velocity from their surface is close to the speed of light.
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Mass Analyzers: Common Types01:19

Mass Analyzers: Common Types

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The quadrupole mass analyzer consists of four cylindrical metal rods arranged in a diamond carrying a DC voltage and a radio-frequency AC voltage. The motion of ions through the quadrupole depends on the field strength, causing only ions of a certain m/z to resonate successfully and strike the detector at a given field strength. Though the transmission rate for these analyzers is high, the exact elemental composition of the sample is not determined because of low resolution; however, they are...
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Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field01:22

Motion Of A Charged Particle In A Magnetic Field

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A charged particle experiences a force when moving through a magnetic field. Consider the field to be uniform and the charged particle to move perpendicular to it. If the field is in a vacuum, the magnetic field is the dominant factor determining the motion. Since the magnetic force is perpendicular to the direction of motion, a charged particle follows a curved path. The particle continues to follow this curved path until it forms a complete circle. Another way to look at this is that the...
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A galactic microquasar mimicking winged radio galaxies.

Nature communications·2017
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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 5, 2025

Laboratory Drop Towers for the Experimental Simulation of Dust-aggregate Collisions in the Early Solar System
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A very energetic Galactic particle accelerator.

Valentí Bosch-Ramon1

  • 1Departament de Física Quàntica i Astrofísica, Institut de Ciències del Cosmos Universitat de Barcelona (ICCUB), Universitat de Barcelona (IEEC-UB), E08028 Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain.

Science (New York, N.Y.)
|January 25, 2024
PubMed
Summary

The most powerful plasma jets in our galaxy emit extremely high-energy gamma rays. These cosmic phenomena are key to understanding high-energy astrophysics.

Area of Science:

  • Astrophysics
  • High-energy physics

Background:

  • Plasma jets are powerful outflows of ionized matter.
  • The Milky Way galaxy hosts some of the most energetic astrophysical phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the emission properties of powerful plasma jets in the Milky Way.
  • To determine the nature of very-high-energy gamma-ray production in these jets.

Main Methods:

  • Observational astronomy using gamma-ray telescopes.
  • Analysis of spectral and temporal characteristics of gamma-ray emission.

Main Results:

  • Detection of very-high-energy gamma rays from powerful plasma jets.
  • Correlation between jet activity and gamma-ray luminosity.

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Related Experiment Videos

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Conclusions:

  • Powerful plasma jets are confirmed sources of very-high-energy gamma rays.
  • These findings advance our understanding of extreme astrophysical processes and particle acceleration.