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Monitoring of selected anthropometric and biochemical parameters in men and women in Bardejov District
Janka Poráčová1, Mária Konečná1, Vincent Sedlák1
1Department of Biology, Faculty of Humanities and Natural Sciences, University of Presov, Presov, Slovak Republic.
Insights
Metabolic and cardiovascular disease risk factors like higher BMI, cholesterol, and glucose are more prevalent in younger men and women. These risk factors contribute to significant differences in lifetime cardiovascular disease risk across all age groups.
Area of Science:
- Cardiovascular disease research
- Metabolic health
- Biochemical analysis
Background:
- Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases cause nearly one-third of all deaths globally.
- Lifestyle changes are increasing cardiovascular disease risk worldwide.
- Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease is crucial, focusing on smoking cessation, weight management, and exercise.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze biochemical (glucose, cholesterol, triacylglycerols) and anthropometric (body mass index) parameters in relation to cardiovascular disease risk.
- To investigate differences in these parameters between men and women across various age groups.
Main Methods:
- Analysis of 140 probands (70 men, 70 women) in the Bardejov district.
- Categorization of probands into age groups: 18-38, 39-50, 51-60, and over 61 years.
- Statistical evaluation using Statistica ver. 12 and ANOVA.
Main Results:
- Statistically significant higher values of body mass index (BMI), total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerides (TG), and glucose (GLU) were observed in men compared to women in the 18-38 and 39-50 age groups (p < 0.001).
- High cholesterol levels above reference limits were found in individuals aged 51-60 and over 61, but no significant gender difference was confirmed in these older groups.
- Correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation between glucose and BMI.
Conclusions:
- Risk factor burden, including biochemical and anthropometric measures, significantly influences lifetime cardiovascular disease risk.
- Observed differences in risk factors are consistent across different age groups, highlighting the need for tailored prevention strategies.
Objectives:
Metabolic and cardiovascular diseases represent a significant and ever-increasing problem, accounting for nearly one-third of all deaths and leading to significant morbidity. Lifestyle changes, which introduce new risk factors for cardiovascular disease, are leading to an increase in the risk of cardiovascular disease worldwide. The burden of cardiovascular disease can be reduced by careful risk reduction, and as such, primary prevention is an important priority for all. There is strong consensus among international guidelines regarding the necessity of smoking cessation, weight optimization, and the importance of exercise, while guidelines differ slightly in their approach to hypertension and vary greatly in their approach to the optimal lipid profile, which remains a controversial issue.
Methods:
The work is focused on the analysis of biochemical (glucose, cholesterol and triacylglycerols) and anthropometric (body mass index) parameters in selected probands (n = 140), including men (n = 70) and women (n = 70) in the Bardejov district. Probands were divided into groups depending on age (18-38, 39-50, 51-60, and over 61 years). For statistical evaluation, the program Statistica ver. 12 and ANOVA were used.
Results:
The results of the study showed statistically significantly higher values of BMI, total cholesterol (TC), triacylglycerides (TG), and glucose (GLU) (p < 0.001) between men and women in the age groups (18-38 years, 39-50 years). In probands from the age group 51-60 years and over 61 years, we found a high level of cholesterol above the reference limit, but a significant difference between men and women was not confirmed. Correlation analysis confirmed the positive correlation between glucose and BMI.
Conclusion:
Differences in risk-factor (e.g., biochemical and anthropometrics) burden translate into marked differences in the lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease. These differences are consistent across age groups.
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