Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Batteries and Fuel Cells03:12

Batteries and Fuel Cells

27.4K
A battery is a galvanic cell that is used as a source of electrical power for specific applications. Modern batteries exist in a multitude of forms to accommodate various applications, from tiny button batteries such as those that power wristwatches to the very large batteries used to supply backup energy to municipal power grids. Some batteries are designed for single-use applications and cannot be recharged (primary cells), while others are based on conveniently reversible cell reactions that...
27.4K
Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes03:08

Hydroboration-Oxidation of Alkenes

8.2K
In addition to the oxymercuration–demercuration method, which converts the alkenes to alcohols with Markovnikov orientation, a complementary hydroboration-oxidation method yields the anti-Markovnikov product. The hydroboration reaction, discovered in 1959 by H.C. Brown, involves the addition of a B–H bond of borane to an alkene giving an organoborane intermediate. The oxidation of this intermediate with basic hydrogen peroxide forms an alcohol.
8.2K
Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation02:47

Alkynes to Aldehydes and Ketones: Hydroboration-Oxidation

18.1K
Introduction
One of the convenient methods for the preparation of aldehydes and ketones is via hydration of alkynes. Hydroboration-oxidation of alkynes is an indirect hydration reaction in which an alkyne is treated with borane followed by oxidation with alkaline peroxide to form an enol that rapidly converts into an aldehyde or a ketone. Terminal alkynes form aldehydes, whereas internal alkynes give ketones as the final product.
18.1K
Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction02:23

Alcohols from Carbonyl Compounds: Reduction

10.4K
Reduction is a simple strategy to convert a carbonyl group to a hydroxyl group. The three major pathways to reduce carbonyls to alcohols are catalytic hydrogenation, hydride reduction, and borane reduction.
Catalytic hydrogenation is similar to the reduction of an alkene or alkyne by adding H2 across the pi bond in the presence of transition metal catalysts like Raney Ni, Pd–C, Pt, or Ru. Aldehydes and ketones can be reduced by this method, often under mild to moderate heat (25–100°C) and...
10.4K
Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration02:36

Regioselectivity and Stereochemistry of Hydroboration

8.1K
A significant aspect of hydroboration–oxidation is the regio- and stereochemical outcome of the reaction.
Hydroboration proceeds in a concerted fashion with the attack of borane on the π bond, giving a cyclic four-centered transition state. The –BH2 group is bonded to the less substituted carbon and –H to the more substituted carbon. The concerted nature requires the simultaneous addition of –H and –BH2 across the same face of the alkene giving syn...
8.1K
Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions02:15

Preparation of Alcohols via Addition Reactions

6.2K
Overview
The acid-catalyzed addition of water to the double bond of alkenes is a large-scale industrial method used to synthesize low-molecular-weight alcohols. An acidic atmosphere is required to allow the hydrogen in the water molecule to act as an electrophile and attack the double bond in an alkene. The addition of a proton to the double bond creates a carbocation intermediate. The proton preferentially bonds to the less substituted end of the double bond to create a more stable carbocation...
6.2K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Acoustic stimulation in pain management: neurobiological mechanisms and clinical applications-a narrative review.

Frontiers in neuroscience·2026
Same author

Global research trends, knowledge structure, and future directions in melioidosis research: a bibliometric analysis, 1990-2025.

Tropical medicine and health·2026
Same author

The role of metabolic health in neurostructural and cognitive alterations in bipolar disorders.

Psychological medicine·2026
Same author

Piezobiomimetic delivery nanosystem converts cold tumors to hot by parallel PANoptosis/STING activation in hepatocellular carcinoma.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Sustainable energy harvesting <i>via</i> a scalable Janus photonic metamaterial for thermoelectric generation.

Materials horizons·2026
Same author

Defect engineering boosts CC bond cleavage for highly efficient ethylene glycol electrooxidation on Pd<sub>2</sub>Pb<sub>3</sub>Zn<sub>4</sub> intermetallic compound.

Journal of colloid and interface science·2026

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Design and Evaluation of Au-Electroplated Carbon Fiber Cloth Electrodes for Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cells
06:39

Author Spotlight: Design and Evaluation of Au-Electroplated Carbon Fiber Cloth Electrodes for Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cells

Published on: October 20, 2023

2.8K

Research progress on direct borohydride fuel cells.

Liu Liu1, Junming Zhang1, Ying Zhao1

  • 1College of Material Sciences and Chemical Engineering, Harbin Engineering University, Harbin 150001, P. R. China. zhiliangliu@hrbeu.edu.cn.

Chemical Communications (Cambridge, England)
|January 26, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs) offer a sustainable energy storage solution. This review explores DBFC advancements in materials and design for efficient, eco-friendly power.

More Related Videos

A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
06:32

A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions

Published on: August 17, 2016

19.6K
Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells
08:16

Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells

Published on: October 2, 2016

9.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Author Spotlight: Design and Evaluation of Au-Electroplated Carbon Fiber Cloth Electrodes for Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cells
06:39

Author Spotlight: Design and Evaluation of Au-Electroplated Carbon Fiber Cloth Electrodes for Hydrogen Peroxide Fuel Cells

Published on: October 20, 2023

2.8K
A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions
06:32

A Simple, Low-cost, and Robust System to Measure the Volume of Hydrogen Evolved by Chemical Reactions with Aqueous Solutions

Published on: August 17, 2016

19.6K
Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells
08:16

Combustion Characterization and Model Fuel Development for Micro-tubular Flame-assisted Fuel Cells

Published on: October 2, 2016

9.6K

Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Renewable Energy Technologies

Background:

  • Industrialization drives fossil fuel consumption, leading to energy shortages and pollution.
  • Renewable energy storage is critical for sustainable development.
  • Direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs) present a promising alternative due to accessible materials and non-toxic byproducts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review the current research progress in direct borohydride fuel cells (DBFCs).
  • To analyze key aspects including reaction kinetics, electrode and membrane materials, cell architecture, and electrolytes.
  • To identify future research challenges and opportunities for performance and cost optimization.

Main Methods:

  • Comprehensive literature review of direct borohydride fuel cell (DBFC) research.
  • Analysis of reaction kinetics and material properties.
  • Evaluation of cell design and electrolyte formulations.

Main Results:

  • DBFCs demonstrate potential for high theoretical energy density (17 kW h kg⁻¹) with H₂O₂ oxidant.
  • Significant progress has been made in electrode, membrane, and electrolyte development.
  • Operational stability and efficiency are key areas of ongoing research.

Conclusions:

  • DBFCs are a viable option for energy storage, particularly in oxygen-free environments.
  • Further research is needed to overcome challenges in kinetics, materials, and cost-effectiveness.
  • Optimized DBFCs can contribute significantly to sustainable energy solutions.