Pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic analysis of cephalothin after intramuscular administration in Thoroughbred horses
Taisuke Kuroda1, Yohei Minamijima2, Hidekazu Niwa1
1Equine Research Institute, Japan Racing Association, Tochigi 329-0412, Japan.
Abstract:
A pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic (PK/PD) approach was used to determine a dosage regimen of cephalothin (CET) after intramuscular (IM) administration in horses. CET plasma concentrations were measured in eight horses after a single IM administration of 11 mg/kg bwt of CET. The data were modeled using a nonlinear mixed-effect model, and the probability of target attainment (PTA) of the PK/PD target was calculated for 5,000 horses generated by Monte Carlo simulations. IM administrations of CET at 11 mg/kg bwt q 8 hr and q 6 hr achieved a PTA of 90% against the MIC90 of S. zooepidemicus and S. aureus, respectively, and were considered to be effective dosage regimens. The total dose for the IM administration recommended in this study was lower than that for intravenous (IV) administration in previous studies.
Related Concept Videos
Nondepolarizing (Competitive) Neuromuscular Blockers: Pharmacokinetics
Instead, they are transported by the blood to different tissues. Muscles with a greater blood supply (arteries) and blood flow receive more...
Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics: Overview
Routes of Drug Administration: Parenteral
The intravenous route (IV) of drug administration can be further categorized into two types. The bolus injection administers the entire dose rapidly, while an intravenous infusion slowly delivers smaller doses steadily.
The IV route is often...
Drug Concentration Versus Time Correlation
Two pivotal parameters are the minimum effective concentration (MEC) and the minimum toxic concentration (MTC). The MEC is the...
Nonlinear Pharmacokinetics: Overview
Nonlinearity can arise due to the saturation of plasma protein-binding or...
Model Approaches for Pharmacokinetic Data: Compartment Models
Two primary types of compartment models are recognized: mammillary and catenary. The more...


