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Using deep learning to quantify neuronal activation from single-cell and spatial transcriptomic data.

Ethan Bahl1,2, Snehajyoti Chatterjee3,4, Utsav Mukherjee3,4,5

  • 1Department of Psychiatry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA.

Nature Communications
|January 26, 2024
PubMed
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This summary is machine-generated.

We developed NEUROeSTIMator, a deep learning model that uses gene expression to measure neuronal activation. This tool accurately estimates brain activity across species and cell types, aiding neuroscience research.

Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Computational Biology
  • Genomics

Background:

  • Neuronal activity-driven gene transcription is crucial for synaptic plasticity, brain development, and memory formation.
  • Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNAseq) enables studying gene expression at cellular resolution.
  • Existing methods lack robustness across diverse biological contexts.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce NEUROeSTIMator, a deep learning model for estimating neuronal activation from transcriptomic data.
  • To validate NEUROeSTIMator's accuracy and generalizability across species, cell types, and brain regions.
  • To apply NEUROeSTIMator to spatial transcriptomics for mapping learning-induced activity patterns.

Main Methods:

  • Developed a deep learning model (NEUROeSTIMator) integrating transcriptomic signals.

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  • Validated the model against Patch-seq electrophysiological data.
  • Applied the model to existing scRNAseq datasets and a spatial transcriptomic study in male mice.
  • Main Results:

    • NEUROeSTIMator accurately estimates neuronal activation, correlating with electrophysiological features.
    • The model demonstrates robustness across different species, cell types, and brain regions.
    • Identified unique patterns of learning-induced neuronal activity in specific brain regions using spatial transcriptomics.

    Conclusions:

    • NEUROeSTIMator is a powerful and versatile tool for quantifying neuronal activation.
    • The model enhances the analysis of activity-dependent transcription in neuroscience.
    • NEUROeSTIMator facilitates the study of brain function and behavior at a molecular level.