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Related Concept Videos

RNA Interference01:23

RNA Interference

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a process in which a small non-coding RNA molecule blocks the post-transcriptional expression of a gene by binding to its messenger RNA (mRNA) and preventing the protein from being translated.
This process occurs naturally in cells, often through the activity of genomically-encoded microRNAs. Researchers can take advantage of this mechanism by introducing synthetic RNAs to deactivate specific genes for research or therapeutic purposes. For example, RNAi could be used...
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siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs02:30

siRNA - Small Interfering RNAs

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Small interfering RNAs, or siRNAs, are short regulatory RNA molecules that can silence genes post-transcriptionally, as well as the transcriptional level in some cases. siRNAs are important for protecting cells against viral infections and silencing transposable genetic elements.
In the cytoplasm, siRNA is processed from a double-stranded RNA, which comes from either endogenous DNA transcription or exogenous sources like a virus. This double-stranded RNA is then cleaved by the...
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Experimental RNAi02:15

Experimental RNAi

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RNA interference (RNAi) is a cellular mechanism that inhibits gene expression by suppressing its transcription or activating the RNA degradation process. The mechanism was discovered by Andrew Fire and Craig Mello in 1998 in plants. Today, it is observed in almost all eukaryotes, including protozoa, flies, nematodes, insects, parasites, and mammals. This precise cellular mechanism of gene silencing has been developed into a technique that provides an efficient way to identify and determine the...
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Types of RNA01:23

Types of RNA

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Overview
Three main types of RNA are involved in protein synthesis: messenger RNA (mRNA), transfer RNA (tRNA), and ribosomal RNA (rRNA). These RNAs perform diverse functions and can be broadly classified as protein-coding or non-coding RNA. Non-coding RNAs play important roles in the regulation of gene expression in response to developmental and environmental changes. Non-coding RNAs in prokaryotes can be manipulated to develop more effective antibacterial drugs for human or animal use.
RNA...
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Nucleic Acids02:43

Nucleic Acids

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Nucleic acids are the most important macromolecules for the continuity of life. They carry the cell's genetic blueprint and carry instructions for its functioning.
DNA and RNA
The two main types of nucleic acids are deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA). DNA is the genetic material in all living organisms, ranging from single-celled bacteria to multicellular mammals. It is in the nucleus of eukaryotes and in the organelles, chloroplasts, and mitochondria. In prokaryotes,...
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Small interfering RNAs (siRNA)

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Using In Vitro and In-cell SHAPE to Investigate Small Molecule Induced Pre-mRNA Structural Changes
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Small molecule approaches to targeting RNA.

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Researchers are developing new ways to find small molecules that bind to RNA. Understanding these interactions is key for exploring RNA functions and creating new RNA-targeting drugs.

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Area of Science:

  • Chemical biology
  • Drug discovery
  • Molecular biology

Background:

  • RNA targeting is crucial for understanding cellular processes and developing new therapeutics.
  • Small molecules are vital tools for probing RNA functions and validating RNA targets.
  • Existing RNA-targeting drugs, like antibiotics, highlight the therapeutic potential of RNA modulation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review challenges and strategies in identifying and designing specific RNA binders.
  • To explore the underexplored chemical space of RNA-interacting small molecules.
  • To discuss methods for binding, interacting with, and affecting biologically relevant RNAs.

Main Methods:

  • Literature review of recent strategies for RNA binder development.
  • Analysis of challenges in rational design of RNA-binding small molecules.
  • Discussion of techniques to probe RNA-small molecule interactions.

Main Results:

  • Recent progress in identifying RNA binders has been made.
  • A deeper understanding of RNA-small molecule interactions is needed for rational drug design.
  • Various strategies exist to target biologically relevant RNAs with small molecules.

Conclusions:

  • Developing specific RNA binders remains challenging but is critical for chemical biology and drug discovery.
  • Further research into RNA-small molecule interactions will facilitate the creation of novel therapeutics.
  • Innovative methodologies are advancing the field of RNA-targeted drug development.