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The Microbiota in Long COVID.

Carmen Álvarez-Santacruz¹, Sylwia D Tyrkalska^2,3,4, Sergio Candel^2,3,4

¹Servicio de Otorrinolaringología, Hospital de la Vega Lorenzo Guirao, 30530 Cieza, Spain.

International Journal of Molecular Sciences

|January 27, 2024

Summary

Long COVID poses a significant threat, and emerging research suggests the human microbiota may play a crucial role in its development and pathogenesis. Further investigation into microbiota manipulation could reveal new therapeutic strategies.

Keywords:

COVID-19 SARS-CoV-2 dysbiosis long COVID microbiota

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Area of Science:

Microbiology
Immunology
Infectious Diseases

Background:

Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccine effectiveness has reduced public interest, but long COVID remains a global health and economic concern.
The human microbiota influences immune responses, and alterations in the nasopharyngeal microbiota are linked to COVID-19 onset and severity.
While gut dysbiosis is noted in long COVID, the microbiota's role in its pathogenesis is largely unknown.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and compare existing studies on the microbiota's involvement in long COVID.
To highlight the potential underestimation of long COVID's impact.
To discuss the microbiota's possible pivotal role in long COVID pathogenesis.

Main Methods:

Literature review and comparative analysis of published studies.
Discussion of current data on microbiota alterations in COVID-19 and long COVID patients.
Synthesis of evidence regarding the microbiota's role in disease development.

Main Results:

Long COVID is a significant health threat, potentially underestimated in its impact.
Available data indicate a potential pivotal role for the microbiota in long COVID pathogenesis.
Nasopharyngeal and gut microbiota changes are associated with COVID-19 and long COVID.

Conclusions:

The microbiota's involvement in long COVID pathogenesis requires further elucidation.
Understanding the microbiota's role is essential for developing novel therapeutic strategies.
Microbiota-targeted therapies may offer future treatment options for long COVID.