Search research articles

ABOUT JoVE

Overview Leadership Blog JoVE Help Center

AUTHORS

Publishing Process Editorial Board Scope & Policies Peer Review FAQ Submit

LIBRARIANS

Testimonials Subscriptions Access Resources Library Advisory Board FAQ

RESEARCH

JoVE Journal Methods Collections JoVE Encyclopedia of Experiments Archive

EDUCATION

JoVE Core JoVE Business JoVE Science Education JoVE Lab Manual Faculty Resource Center Faculty Site

Terms & Conditions of Use

Related Concept Videos

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia I: Introduction

Pneumonia is an acute respiratory infection that targets the lungs, specifically the alveoli. These tiny air sacs, essential for oxygen exchange, become engorged with pus and fluid, severely hindering breathing, decreasing oxygen absorption, and causing significant pain and discomfort during respiration.
Risk Factors
Various factors influence the likelihood of developing pneumonia. Age plays a crucial role, with infants, children under two, and individuals over 65 at increased risk due to their...

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

Pneumonia II: Pathophysiology

The pathophysiology of pneumonia involves the following steps:

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

Pneumonia V: Nursing management and Prevention

Nursing management of pneumonia involves promoting airway patency, facilitating rest and conserving energy, encouraging fluid intake, maintaining nutrition, and educating patients.
The nurse must practice strict medical asepsis and adhere to infection control guidelines to minimize healthcare-associated infections.
Enhance airway patency
Position the patient correctly to facilitate drainage of the affected lung segments. Manual or mechanical percussion and vibration can also be employed....

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia III: Complications and Assessment

Pneumonia poses the potential for numerous complications that warrant consideration. These complications include the following:

Pneumonia IV: Management

Pneumonia IV: Management

The treatment of pneumonia varies based on its severity and the causative pathogen. Here is a structured approach to managing pneumonia, integrating pharmaceutical and supportive care strategies.
Bacterial Pneumonia Treatment
For bacterial pneumonia, antibiotics serve as the cornerstone of therapy. Initial treatment often begins with empirical antibiotics, tailored to the anticipated causative organism and adjusted based on culture results. Key antibiotic choices include:

Viral Recombination

Viral Recombination

Cells are sometimes infected by more than one virus at once. When two viruses disassemble to expose their genomes for replication in the same cell, similar regions of their genomes can pair together and exchange sequences in a process called recombination. Alternatively, viruses with segmented genomes can swap segments in a process called reassortment.

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by

Same author

Aortopulmonary Shared Sheath Hematoma.

Seminars in roentgenology·2026

Same author

No Clear Clinician Path Following Indeterminate Diagnosis of Pulmonary Embolism on CT.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology·2026

Same author

Evaluating the Status of Cardiac Imaging Training in Radiology Residency Programs in the United States.

Journal of thoracic imaging·2025

Same author

Imaging of Atrial Septal Defects.

Radiographics : a review publication of the Radiological Society of North America, Inc·2025

Same author

Elusive Barriers: The Challenges of Diagnosing Subaortic Membranes.

The American journal of cardiology·2025

Same author

Post-COVID-19 Chest CT Expert Consensus, and a Nod to the Law of the Instrument.

Radiology·2025

Same journal

Prevention and Control of Clostridioides difficile Infection for the Infectious Diseases Clinician.

Infectious disease clinics of North America·2026

Same journal

Infection Control Strategies to Prevent Emergence and Transmission of Resistant Gram-Negative Bacteria.

Infectious disease clinics of North America·2026

Same journal

Preventing the Spread of Tuberculosis in Health Care Settings.

Infectious disease clinics of North America·2026

Same journal

Threats to Success: Principles of Infection Prevention and Control in Health Care Settings, Part 2: Device and Pathogen Management.

Infectious disease clinics of North America·2026

Same journal

Ventilator-Associated Events: Surveillance and Prevention.

Infectious disease clinics of North America·2026

Same journal

Nosocomial Fungal Infections: Epidemiology, Control Strategies, and Prevention of Candida and Other Yeasts.

Infectious disease clinics of North America·2026

See all related articles

Search research articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

Viral Pneumonias.

Jennifer Febbo¹, Jonathan Revels¹, Loren Ketai²

¹University of New Mexico, 2211 Lomas Boulevard NE, Albuquerque, NM 87106, USA.

Infectious Disease Clinics of North America

|January 27, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Viral pneumonia, often community-acquired, typically presents as airway-centric infections. Lobar consolidation suggests bacterial coinfection, except in adenovirus cases, and severity increases in immunocompromised individuals.

Keywords:

Community-acquired infections Immunocompromised hosts Tomography x-ray computed Viral pneumonia

More Related Videos

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

Published on: September 28, 2022

Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Published on: June 28, 2018

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Following in Real Time the Impact of Pneumococcal Virulence Factors in an Acute Mouse Pneumonia Model Using Bioluminescent Bacteria

Published on: February 23, 2014

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

A Mouse Model for the Transition of Streptococcus pneumoniae from Colonizer to Pathogen upon Viral Co-Infection Recapitulates Age-Exacerbated Illness

Published on: September 28, 2022

Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Murine Oropharyngeal Aspiration Model of Ventilator-associated and Hospital-acquired Bacterial Pneumonia

Published on: June 28, 2018

Area of Science:

Pulmonology
Infectious Diseases
Radiology

Background:

Community-acquired viral pneumonia is common, often caused by influenza, parainfluenza, RSV, human metapneumovirus, and adenovirus.
Imaging typically shows airway-centric patterns like bronchiolitis and bronchopneumonia.

Purpose of the Study:

To differentiate viral pneumonia patterns from bacterial coinfections on chest imaging.
To understand viral pneumonia presentation in immunocompromised hosts and rare infections.

Main Methods:

Review of chest imaging findings in various viral pneumonia cases.
Correlation of imaging patterns with specific viral etiologies.
Analysis of pneumonia presentation in immunocompromised patients.

Main Results:

Airway-centric patterns (bronchiolitis, bronchopneumonia) are characteristic of common viral pneumonias.
Lobar consolidation usually indicates bacterial coinfection, except in adenovirus pneumonia.
Immunocompromised hosts are susceptible to severe viral pneumonia, including CMV and varicella, with different imaging patterns.
Hantavirus pulmonary syndrome presents uniquely and has high mortality.

Conclusions:

Chest imaging patterns can help differentiate viral pneumonia from bacterial coinfection.
Recognizing atypical presentations in immunocompromised patients and rare viral syndromes is crucial for diagnosis and management.