Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2025
09:44
Generation of a Rat Model of Acute Liver Failure by Combining 70% Partial Hepatectomy and Acetaminophen
Published on: November 27, 2019
10.1K
Select Toxicologic Pathology Case Studies of the Hepatobiliary System
Allison C Boone1, Shakirat A Adetunji2,3, Rebecca Kohnken4
1Experimental Pathology Laboratories, Inc., Morrisville, North Carolina, USA.
Toxicologic Pathology
|January 28, 2024
Summary
This case study explored potential liver and biliary toxicity in animals. It detailed cases of copper-associated hepatitis, sinusoidal obstruction syndrome, and Kupffer cell changes in various species.
Area of Science:
- Toxicologic pathology
- Hepatobiliary system research
- Veterinary pathology
Background:
- The 42nd Annual Society of Toxicologic Pathology Symposium featured a session on the hepatobiliary system.
- This session focused on identifying potential hepatic and biliary toxicity liabilities in animal models.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present and discuss several case studies on hepatobiliary toxicity.
- To highlight diverse manifestations of liver and biliary system injury in toxicology studies.
Main Methods:
- Review of presented case studies from the symposium.
- Analysis of signalment, anatomic/clinical pathology data, and diagnoses.
- Discussion of potential pathogeneses for observed toxicities.
Main Results:
- Case studies included copper-associated hepatitis in a dog.
- Sinusoidal obstruction syndrome in non-human primates was examined.
- Hepatic cytoplasmic alterations in rodents and Kupffer cell hyperplasia/granulomatous inflammation in rats were presented.
Conclusions:
- Diverse toxic insults can affect the hepatobiliary system.
- Understanding these varied toxicities is crucial for accurate risk assessment in toxicologic pathology.
- Case study reviews aid in recognizing and diagnosing potential hepatic and biliary toxicities.
Related Concept Videos
01:26Toxic Reactions: Overview
975
When toxic substances penetrate the human body, they disseminate to various tissues, undergoing metabolic changes. This process yields reactive metabolites that may covalently bind with specific target molecules, resulting in toxicity.
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
Toxicity falls into two primary categories: local and systemic.
Local toxicity appears at the exposure site, such as protein denaturation caused by caustic substances.
In contrast, systemic toxicity requires the toxic agent's absorption and distribution,...
975
01:27Liver Histology
793
The microscopic anatomy of the liver is a complex and intricate system that comprises numerous structural units known as liver lobules, each of which is comparable in size to a sesame seed. These hexagonal structures consist of plates of liver cells or hepatocytes, which are characterized by their versatility and abundance of cellular apparatus like rough and smooth ER, Golgi apparatus, peroxisomes, and mitochondria.
Hepatocytes perform a variety of essential functions. They secrete...
Hepatocytes perform a variety of essential functions. They secrete...
793
01:22Phase II Reactions: Glutathione Conjugation and Mercapturic Acid Formation
210
Glutathione, a tripeptide made up of glutamate, cysteine, and glycine, is a critical player in the detoxification of drugs and xenobiotics via a process known as glutathione conjugation or mercapturic acid formation. This phase II biotransformation reaction involves the covalent binding of glutathione to a drug or its metabolite, enhancing the compound's water solubility and enabling its excretion.
Several distinctive characteristics distinguish glutathione conjugation from other phase II...
Several distinctive characteristics distinguish glutathione conjugation from other phase II...
210
01:36Types of Toxins
1.7K
Humans continually engage with an environment rich in potentially harmful chemicals. These are introduced to our bodies through inhalation, ingestion, or skin contact. These chemicals exist in various forms, such as air and environmental pollutants, agricultural chemicals, organic solvents, and heavy metals.
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
Air pollutants, primarily gases, pose significant threats to respiratory health, leading to conditions like hypoxia, lung cancer, and in extreme cases, death.
Environmental pollutants like...
1.7K
01:30Liver Physiology
554
The liver, an essential organ in the human body, performs over 200 vital functions that can be broadly categorized into metabolic, hematological, endocrine regulation, and bile production.
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of 70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can...
Metabolic Regulation:
The liver is the central organ involved in regulating blood composition. It stabilizes blood glucose levels, maintaining them within the range of 70–110 mg/dL. When these levels drop, the liver breaks down glycogen reserves and releases glucose into the bloodstream. It can...
554
01:16Hepatic Drug Excretion: Influencing Factors
130
The biliary system of the liver, crucial for bile secretion and drug excretion, comprises intrahepatic bile ducts that merge to form the common hepatic duct. This duct, carrying hepatic bile, combines with the cystic duct, draining the gallbladder and forming the common bile duct, which empties into the duodenum. Bile, produced by hepatic cells lining the bile canaliculi, is composed primarily of water, bile salts, pigments, electrolytes, and lesser amounts of cholesterol and fatty acids. Bile...
130