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DNA methylation dynamics during yak adipocyte differentiation.

Zhilong Zhang1, Yongfeng Zhang2, Lanhua Ma1

  • 1Key Laboratory of Yak Breeding Engineering Gansu Province, Lanzhou Institute of Husbandry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Lanzhou 730050, China; Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics and Breeding on Tibetan Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Lanzhou 730050, China.

International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
|January 28, 2024
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Summary

This study reveals how DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility interact to regulate gene expression during yak fat cell development. These epigenetic mechanisms are crucial for adipogenesis in yaks.

Keywords:
Adipocyte differentiationDNA methylationYak

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Area of Science:

  • Epigenetics
  • Mammalian cell differentiation
  • Yak biology

Background:

  • Epigenetic modifications, particularly DNA methylation, are vital for cell differentiation in mammals.
  • The DNA methylation landscape during yak adipocyte differentiation is not well understood.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the global DNA methylation patterns and dynamics during yak adipocyte differentiation.
  • To explore the interplay between DNA methylation, chromatin accessibility, and gene expression in yak adipogenesis.

Main Methods:

  • Whole-genome bisulfite sequencing (WGBS) was used to analyze DNA methylation in yak preadipocytes and adipocytes.
  • Data were integrated with previous studies on chromatin accessibility (ATAC-seq) and gene expression.

Main Results:

  • DNA methylation levels varied across genomic regions, being lower in promoters than exons/introns and decreasing towards the transcription start site (TSS).
  • A negative correlation was observed between promoter CG methylation and gene expression.
  • Genes with differential methylation and chromatin accessibility were linked to Hedgehog and PI3K-Akt signaling pathways.
  • High chromatin accessibility regions (promoter and distal) showed low methylation levels.

Conclusions:

  • DNA methylation and chromatin accessibility collaboratively regulate gene expression during yak adipocyte differentiation.
  • This study enhances understanding of epigenetic mechanisms governing adipogenesis.