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Continuous intercostal blockade after cardiac surgery.

A D Baxter, F O Jennings, R S Harris

    British Journal of Anaesthesia
    |February 1, 1987
    PubMed
    Summary
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    Continuous bilateral intercostal blockade offered superior pain relief after cardiac surgery compared to IV narcotics. However, it did not improve lung function or reduce complications, making it difficult to recommend.

    Area of Science:

    • Anesthesiology
    • Thoracic Surgery
    • Pain Management

    Background:

    • Effective pain management after cardiac surgery is crucial for patient recovery.
    • Conventional intravenous (IV) narcotics are commonly used but can have side effects.
    • Regional analgesia techniques are explored as alternatives for improved pain control.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To compare the efficacy and safety of continuous bilateral intercostal blockade versus conventional IV narcotics for post-cardiac surgery analgesia.
    • To assess the impact of regional analgesia on subjective pain scores and pulmonary complications.

    Main Methods:

    • A comparative study involving patients undergoing cardiac surgery.
    • Administration of continuous bilateral intercostal blockade for regional analgesia.

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  • Administration of conventional IV narcotics for control analgesia.
  • Assessment of subjective pain quality and pulmonary function over the first 48 hours post-surgery.
  • Main Results:

    • Subjective quality of analgesia was significantly superior with continuous bilateral intercostal blockade.
    • No significant improvement was observed in pulmonary function tests, gas exchange, or lung volumes.
    • Radiological and clinical evidence of pulmonary complications did not differ between the groups.
    • Potential complications associated with regional techniques, such as pneumothorax, were noted.

    Conclusions:

    • While continuous bilateral intercostal blockade provides better subjective pain relief after cardiac surgery, it does not offer advantages in terms of pulmonary outcomes.
    • The lack of demonstrated morbidity reduction and the risk of complications limit the recommendation of this regional technique in this specific clinical setting.