Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2025
Real-Time Monitoring of Neurocritical Patients with Diffuse Optical Spectroscopies
Published on: November 19, 2020
Automated traffic monitoring of neurosurgical operating room
Mathea Schafer1, Heather Dixon2, Katie Palladino2
1University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Mercy Hospital, Infection Prevention, Surgery and Anesthesia Departments, Pittsburgh, PA; University of Pittsburgh School of Public Health, Infectious Diseases, Microbiology, Behavioral and Community Health Sciences Departments, Pittsburgh, PA.
Background:
Operating room (OR) traffic disrupts airflow and increases particle count, which predisposes patients to surgical site infections, particularly in longer surgeries with hardware placement. The aim of this study is to evaluate the rate of traffic during neurosurgical procedures, as well as reasons for and perceptions of OR traffic.
Methods:
This is a single-center, multimethod study monitoring neurosurgical OR traffic through direct observation, automated monitoring, and interviews. Traffic was observed between the skin incision and closure. Personal interviews with OR teams including surgeons, anesthesia, and nurses were conducted to evaluate their perceptions of the frequency of OR traffic and reasons for OR traffic.
Results:
Direct observation reported OR door opening an average of 18 times, with 20 people entering or exiting per hour. The exact reason for traffic was not verified in all traffic cases and was able to be confirmed in only a third of the cases. Automated monitoring resulted in an average of 31 people entering or exiting the OR per hour. The procedure length was significantly associated with the number of people entering or exiting the OR per hour (P < .0001). Interviews highlighted that OR teams reported traffic to be significantly lower than observed and automated monitoring results, with approximately <6 people entering or exiting per hour.
Conclusions:
OR traffic is higher than staff expected, and updated processes are required to reduce the number of times the OR door opens. Implementing automated observation of OR traffic could reduce the OR traffic and the risk for surgical site infection.
