Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error01:10

Propagation of Uncertainty from Systematic Error

519
The atomic mass of an element varies due to the relative ratio of its isotopes. A sample's relative proportion of oxygen isotopes influences its average atomic mass. For instance, if we were to measure the atomic mass of oxygen from a sample, the mass would be a weighted average of the isotopic masses of oxygen in that sample. Since a single sample is not likely to perfectly reflect the true atomic mass of oxygen for all the molecules of oxygen on Earth, the mass we obtain from this...
519
Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error00:59

Propagation of Uncertainty from Random Error

687
An experiment often consists of more than a single step. In this case, measurements at each step give rise to uncertainty. Because the measurements occur in successive steps, the uncertainty in one step necessarily contributes to that in the subsequent step. As we perform statistical analysis on these types of experiments, we must learn to account for the propagation of uncertainty from one step to the next. The propagation of uncertainty depends on the type of arithmetic operation performed on...
687
Randomized Experiments01:13

Randomized Experiments

6.9K
The randomization process involves assigning study participants randomly to experimental or control groups based on their probability of being equally assigned. Randomization is meant to eliminate selection bias and balance known and unknown confounding factors so that the control group is similar to the treatment group as much as possible. A computer program and a random number generator can be used to assign participants to groups in a way that minimizes bias.
Simple randomization
Simple...
6.9K
Null and Alternative Hypotheses01:16

Null and Alternative Hypotheses

8.1K
The actual hypothesis testing begins by considering two hypotheses. They are termed  the null hypothesis and the alternative hypothesis. These hypotheses contain opposing viewpoints.
The null hypothesis, denoted by H0 is a statement of no difference between the variables—they are not related. This can often be considered the status quo. As  a result if you cannot accept the null, it requires some action.
The alternative hypothesis, denoted by H1 or Ha, is a claim about the...
8.1K
Hindsight Biases01:12

Hindsight Biases

3.4K
Hindsight bias leads you to believe that the event you just experienced was predictable, even though it really wasn’t. In other words, you knew all along that things would turn out the way they did. Can you relate this to the phrase "Hindsight is 20/20" now? 
3.4K
Correlation of Experimental Data01:23

Correlation of Experimental Data

231
Dimensional analysis simplifies complex physical problems and guides experimental investigations, but it does not provide complete solutions. It identifies the dimensionless groups that influence a phenomenon, but experimental data is needed to establish the specific relationships and validate theoretical predictions.
For example, a spherical particle moving through a viscous fluid experiences drag. Dimensional analysis shows that the drag force depends on the particle's diameter, velocity,...
231

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Experimental sample-efficient and device-independent GHZ state certification.

Science advances·2026
Same author

Privacy in Networks of Quantum Sensors.

Physical review letters·2025
Same author

Learning properties of quantum states without the IID assumption.

Nature communications·2024
Same author

High-Photon-Loss Threshold Quantum Computing Using GHZ-State Measurements.

Physical review letters·2024
Same author

On Unitary <i>t</i>-Designs from Relaxed Seeds.

Entropy (Basel, Switzerland)·2020
Same author

Graph States as a Resource for Quantum Metrology.

Physical review letters·2020

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.5K

Corrected Bell and non-contextuality inequalities for realistic experiments.

Kim Vallée1, Pierre-Emmanuel Emeriau2, Boris Bourdoncle2

  • 1Sorbonne Université, CNRS, LIP6, Paris 75005, France.

Philosophical Transactions. Series A, Mathematical, Physical, and Engineering Sciences
|January 28, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Quantum contextuality, essential for quantum advantage, is now quantifiable and robust against experimental noise. New measures define genuine contextuality, overcoming limitations of ideal assumptions in real-world quantum systems.

Keywords:
Bell inequalitiescontextualitynoise-robust inequalitynon-locality

More Related Videos

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios
07:43

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.9K
Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

5.4K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments
08:12

A Psychophysics Paradigm for the Collection and Analysis of Similarity Judgments

Published on: March 1, 2022

2.5K
Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios
07:43

Author Spotlight: A Novel Setup to Conduct Naturalistic Laboratory Experiments with Real Human Actors in Scenarios

Published on: August 4, 2023

1.9K
Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies
05:22

Dissociation of the Confounding Influences of Expectancy and Integrative Difficulty Residing in Anomalous Sentences in Event-related Potential Studies

Published on: May 9, 2019

5.4K

Area of Science:

  • Quantum Information Science
  • Foundations of Quantum Mechanics
  • Quantum Computing

Background:

  • Contextuality is a key non-classical feature of quantum correlations, vital for quantum advantage.
  • It's typically defined by refuting hidden variable theories based on parameter-independence and determinism.
  • Real-world experiments deviate from ideal assumptions, challenging contextuality's non-classical status and quantum advantage claims.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce quantifiable measures for properties underlying contextuality assumptions.
  • To develop robust definitions of contextuality resilient to experimental imperfections.
  • To ensure the reliability of quantum advantage derived from contextuality.

Main Methods:

  • Quantification of non-signalling and measurement sharpness properties.
  • Introduction of relaxed assumptions accounting for experimental deviations.
  • Proof of continuity for the contextual fraction measure, demonstrating noise robustness.
  • Derivation of correction terms to bound deviations from ideal contextuality.

Main Results:

  • A novel definition of 'genuine contextuality' is established, robust against experimental noise and imperfections.
  • The continuity of the contextual fraction is proven, ensuring its stability under realistic conditions.
  • Bounds are derived showing how experimental deviations can be corrected, preserving contextuality's significance.

Conclusions:

  • The developed framework provides a rigorous approach to contextuality in realistic quantum experiments.
  • Genuine contextuality offers a robust foundation for quantum advantage, overcoming practical limitations.
  • The findings are broadly applicable across various experimental setups and theoretical contexts in quantum information.