From Liver to Brain: How MAFLD/MASLD Impacts Cognitive Function

Area of Science:

• Hepatology and Neurology
• Metabolic Disorders
• Aging and Cognition

Background:

• Metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD/MASLD) is a prevalent chronic liver condition with global health implications.
• MAFLD/MASLD is increasingly recognized for its extrahepatic manifestations, notably cognitive impairment.
• Cognitive impairment in MAFLD/MASLD represents a significant concern, bridging normal aging and dementia.

Approach:

• This review synthesizes current evidence on the relationship between MAFLD/MASLD and cognitive function.
• It explores the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms linking liver health to brain function.
• The review assesses the clinical implications of cognitive impairment in the context of MAFLD/MASLD.

Key Points:

• Individuals with MAFLD/MASLD, particularly those at risk of liver fibrosis, exhibit compromised executive function and global cognitive decline.
• Cognitive impairment in MAFLD/MASLD is not solely due to metabolic factors but is deeply rooted in the disease's pathophysiology.
• Key contributors include insulin resistance, lipotoxicity, and systemic inflammation, highlighting a complex interplay.

Conclusions:

• MAFLD/MASLD significantly impacts cognitive function, extending beyond liver health.
• Understanding the mechanisms like insulin resistance and inflammation is crucial for addressing cognitive decline in MAFLD/MASLD patients.
• Further research and clinical attention are needed to fully comprehend and manage the cognitive consequences of this liver disease.