Hashimoto's thyroiditis presenting with cardiac tamponade: a case report

Area of Science:

• Cardiology
• Endocrinology
• Internal Medicine

Background:

• Cardiac tamponade is a rare initial presentation of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
• Hypothyroidism can lead to significant cardiovascular complications.

Observation:

• A 36-year-old female presented with acute respiratory distress.
• Cardiac ultrasound revealed severe pericardial effusion with tamponade.
• Percutaneous pericardiocentesis provided rapid clinical improvement.

Findings:

• Laboratory tests confirmed severe hypothyroidism linked to Hashimoto's disease.
• Histological analysis showed chronic inflammation of the pericardium.
• A six-month follow-up revealed a stable, chronic pericardial effusion.

Implications:

• Hypothyroidism should be considered in unexplained cardiac tamponade, especially without tachycardia.
• Hormone replacement therapy improves prognosis for cardiac tamponade in Hashimoto's.
• Regular cardiac ultrasound monitoring is crucial until euthyroid state is achieved.