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Sometimes we want to see how people change over time, as in studies of human development and lifespan. When we test the same group of individuals repeatedly over an extended period of time, we are conducting longitudinal research. Longitudinal research is a research design in which data-gathering is administered repeatedly over an extended period of time. For example, we may survey a group of individuals about their dietary habits at age 20, retest them a decade later at age 30, and then again...
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The vertical distance between the actual value of y and the estimated value of y. In other words, it measures the vertical distance between the actual data point and the predicted point on the line
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Evaluating the Effect of Roadside Parking on a Dual-Direction Urban Street
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How does 'park and ride' perform? An evaluation using longitudinal data.

Xinwei Zhao1,2, Peng Chen1,2, Junfeng Jiao3

  • 1College of Transportation Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, China.

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|January 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Park and ride (PnR) lot utilization is boosted by mixed land use, transit ridership, and policy interventions. Dense development and bus-rail integration are key to maximizing PnR lot use.

Keywords:
Longitudinal evaluationPanel tobit modelPark and ride lotsPolicy interventionTransit developmentUtilization rate

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Area of Science:

  • Transportation Planning
  • Urban Studies
  • Public Policy

Background:

  • Park and ride (PnR) lot efficiency lacks in-depth investigation in existing literature.
  • Understanding factors influencing PnR lot utilization is crucial for effective transportation planning.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To examine the impact of diverse factors on park and ride (PnR) lot utilization rates.
  • To identify key drivers for enhancing PnR lot efficiency in urban environments.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized panel Tobit models to analyze the utilization rate of PnR lots.
  • Incorporated data on land use, roadway design, transit ridership, demographics, travel behavior, policies, gasoline prices, and weather conditions.
  • Data sourced from PnR lots in King County, Washington.

Main Results:

  • Positive associations found between PnR utilization and mixed land use, road/employment density, specific age groups (18-34, 65+), white and low-income populations, and transit ridership.
  • Negative correlations observed with the proportion of drive lanes, male population share, and driving mode share.
  • Policy interventions like post-recession transit preservation, congestion charges, and bus-rail integration positively correlated with PnR utilization.

Conclusions:

  • Park and ride (PnR) serves as a practical method to attract diverse demographics, including young adults, seniors, and low-income individuals, to public transit.
  • Promoting dense urban development is recommended for optimal PnR lot utilization.
  • Integrating bus and rail services is an effective policy for increasing PnR usage.