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Related Concept Videos

Selected Data About Geographic Locations01:25

Selected Data About Geographic Locations

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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) rely on two core types of data: spatial data and attribute data.Spatial DataSpatial data defines the physical location of features within a coordinate system, typically expressed in terms of latitude and longitude. It provides precise positioning for elements like roads, rivers, or buildings.Attribute DataAttribute data complements spatial data by adding descriptive information about these features. For example, a road's spatial data includes its start and...
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Manipulation and Analysis01:21

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GIS manipulation and analysis functions are vital for decision-making and planning. These activities range from data retrieval tasks, such as selecting information based on specific criteria, to advanced analytical techniques that address complex spatial problems.One critical GIS analysis method is overlaying, which combines multiple data layers to examine impacts. For example, overlaying a river-dammed lake boundary with road networks can identify affected infrastructure. Another common...
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GIS Software, Hardware, and Sources of GIS Data01:23

GIS Software, Hardware, and Sources of GIS Data

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A Geographic Information System (GIS) combines specialized software and hardware to effectively manage, analyze, and present spatial and related data. GIS software includes critical functionalities such as a user interface for easy navigation, database management tools for handling spatial and attribute data, and data retrieval features for efficient access. Analytical tools transform raw data into insights, while display functions produce maps and reports in various formats for effective...
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Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS01:17

Design Example: Alignment of a Road Line Using GIS

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The alignment of a road line using Geographic Information Systems (GIS) is a critical process in civil engineering, combining advanced technology with practical decision-making. This methodology begins with the collection of geospatial data, including information on land cover, geomorphology, drainage patterns, slope, and contour details. Such data is typically acquired through satellite imagery and GIS tools, offering a comprehensive understanding of the terrain.Once the data is gathered, it...
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Levels of Use of a GIS01:29

Levels of Use of a GIS

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Geographic Information Systems (GIS) operate across three levels of application, each representing an increasing degree of complexity: data management, analysis, and prediction. These levels reflect the expanding functionality and versatility of GIS technology in handling spatial data for diverse purposes.Data ManagementAt its foundational level, GIS serves as a tool for data management, enabling the input, storage, retrieval, and organization of spatial data. This level is often employed in...
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Design Example: Identifying the Locations of Monuments in the Field Using Global Positioning System Device01:30

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Surveyors use Global Positioning System (GPS) technology to measure the precise location and elevation of points on Earth. In a recent survey, GPS receivers were used to determine the coordinates and elevations of two park monuments. The process involved careful mission planning, data collection, and correction to ensure accuracy. The survey began with mission planning to identify optimal satellite visibility and minimize Position Dilution of Precision (PDOP). A geodetic control point...
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Using Open Source Data to Identify Transit Deserts in Four Major Chinese Cities.

Junfeng Jiao1, Mingming Cai2

  • 1Urban Information Lab, the University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78705, USA.

ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information
|January 29, 2024
PubMed
Summary

Transit deserts, areas with limited public transportation access, are identified in major Chinese cities. Unlike in the US, these areas are concentrated in city centers, highlighting a gap in China's transit demand and supply.

Keywords:
Chinatransit demandtransit deserttransit supply

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Area of Science:

  • Urban Planning
  • Transportation Geography
  • Public Policy

Background:

  • Transit deserts, defined as areas with inadequate public transportation access, are a growing concern in urban environments.
  • Existing research on transit deserts primarily focuses on developed countries, leaving a significant knowledge gap regarding their prevalence in rapidly urbanizing nations like China.
  • Understanding transit accessibility is crucial for ensuring equitable mobility and access to opportunities for all urban residents.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To identify and analyze the spatial distribution of transit desert areas within four major Chinese cities: Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan, and Chengdu.
  • To compare the characteristics of transit deserts in Chinese cities with those found in developed countries, particularly the United States.
  • To investigate potential factors contributing to the formation and extent of transit deserts in the Chinese urban context.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized open-source data to map and quantify transit desert extents in Beijing, Shanghai, Wuhan, and Chengdu.
  • Analyzed the spatial concentration of transit deserts, distinguishing between urban centers and suburban areas.
  • Assessed the transit-dependent population residing within identified transit desert zones.

Main Results:

  • Transit deserts in the studied Chinese cities are predominantly located in central urban areas, contrasting sharply with their typical suburban distribution in the US.
  • Shanghai exhibits the highest number of residents living in transit deserts, followed by Beijing, Chengdu, and Wuhan.
  • Chengdu has the smallest transit desert areas, with Shanghai, Wuhan, and Beijing having progressively larger ones.

Conclusions:

  • The findings suggest that an oversized transit-dependent population coupled with incomplete transit systems contributes to transit deserts in these Chinese cities.
  • Differences in population density, travel preferences, and transportation investment policies between Chinese and American cities likely explain the divergent spatial patterns of transit deserts.
  • This study underscores the critical need to address the disparity between public transit demand and supply in China's major urban centers.