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We developed novel dissolvable film (DF) valves for centrifugal microfluidic Lab-on-a-Disc (LoaD) platforms. These digital valves enable reliable automation of complex bioassays, demonstrated by successful DNA extraction and detection of plant pathogens.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomedical Engineering
  • Microfluidics
  • Analytical Chemistry

Background:

  • Centrifugal microfluidic Lab-on-a-Disc (LoaD) platforms automate bioassays by mimicking laboratory unit operations (LUOs).
  • Existing rotationally actuated valves face limitations due to manufacturing tolerances and analogue spin-speed control, restricting assay complexity.
  • There is a need for precise, reliable liquid handling control in portable, point-of-care microfluidic devices.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To introduce a novel digital valving mechanism, the low-high-low serial dissolvable film (DF) valve, for centrifugal microfluidic platforms.
  • To demonstrate the theoretical operation and experimental validation of these DF valves.
  • To showcase the application of DF valves in automating complex bioassays, specifically DNA extraction and amplification for plant pathogen detection.

Main Methods:

  • Development of serial dissolvable film (DF) valves integrated into a pneumatic chamber on a rotating disc.
  • Utilizing a digital control mechanism based on sequential spin-speed increases to actuate valves.
  • Experimental validation of valve operation and demonstration of automated solid-phase DNA extraction coupled with on-disc LAMP amplification.

Main Results:

  • The novel DF valves provide digital control over reagent release based on spin-speed "pulses."
  • The system successfully automated solid-phase DNA extraction from lysed plant samples.
  • On-disc LAMP amplification detected DNA from the bacterial pathogen *Clavibacter michiganensis ssp. michiganensis* (Cmm) in tomato leaf samples.

Conclusions:

  • The low-high-low serial DF valves offer a reliable and scalable solution for automating complex bioassays on centrifugal microfluidic platforms.
  • This digital valving strategy overcomes limitations of traditional analogue valves, enabling more intricate on-disc liquid handling.
  • The successful application in plant pathogen detection highlights the potential of this technology for point-of-care diagnostics.