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Bioinformatics Methods for Transcriptome Analysis on Teratogenesis Testing
Thayne Woycinck Kowalski1,2,3,4,5,6, Giovanna Câmara Giudicelli1,5, Julia do Amaral Gomes1,4
1Post-Graduation Program in Genetics and Molecular Biology, Genetics Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Abstract:
Teratogenesis testing can be challenging due to the limitations of both in vitro and in vivo models. Test-systems, based especially on human embryonic cells, have been helping to overcome the difficulties when allied to omics strategies, such as transcriptomics. In these test-systems, cells exposed to different compounds are then analyzed in microarray or RNA-seq platforms regarding the impacts of the potential teratogens in the gene expression. Nevertheless, microarray and RNA-seq dataset processing requires computational resources and bioinformatics knowledge. Here, a pipeline for microarray and RNA-seq processing is presented, aiming to help researchers from any field to interpret the main transcriptome results, such as differential gene expression, enrichment analysis, and statistical interpretation. This chapter also discusses the main difficulties that can be encountered in a transcriptome analysis and the better alternatives to overcome these issues, describing both programming codes and user-friendly tools. Finally, specific issues in the teratogenesis field, such as time-course analysis, are also described, demonstrating how the pipeline can be applied in these studies.
Insights
This study presents a bioinformatics pipeline to analyze teratogenesis testing data from gene expression studies. The tool simplifies complex transcriptome analysis for researchers, aiding in the interpretation of potential teratogen impacts.
Area of Science:
- Developmental toxicology
- Bioinformatics
- Genomics
Background:
- Teratogenesis testing faces challenges with current in vitro and in vivo models.
- Human embryonic cell-based test systems combined with omics strategies, like transcriptomics, offer solutions.
- Analyzing gene expression data from microarray and RNA-seq requires significant computational and bioinformatics expertise.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a bioinformatics pipeline for processing microarray and RNA-seq data.
- To assist researchers in interpreting transcriptome results, including differential gene expression and enrichment analysis.
- To address specific challenges in teratogenesis research, such as time-course analysis.
Main Methods:
- Development of a computational pipeline for transcriptomic data processing.
- Integration of microarray and RNA-seq data analysis.
- Inclusion of statistical interpretation and visualization methods.
- Discussion of programming codes and user-friendly tools for accessibility.
Main Results:
- The pipeline facilitates the interpretation of key transcriptome analysis outputs.
- It provides methods to overcome common difficulties in transcriptomic data processing.
- Demonstrates application in teratogenesis studies, including time-course analysis.
Conclusions:
- The presented pipeline democratizes transcriptome analysis for teratogenesis research.
- It empowers researchers across various fields to interpret gene expression data effectively.
- The tool aids in understanding the impact of potential teratogens on embryonic development.
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