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Updated: Jul 4, 2025

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Loneliness in the workplace: a mixed-method systematic review and meta-analysis.

B T Bryan1, G Andrews1,2, K N Thompson1

  • 1Social, Genetic and Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK.

Occupational Medicine (Oxford, England)
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Workplace loneliness negatively impacts job performance, satisfaction, and relationships, increasing burnout. Interventions targeting the work environment may help mitigate these effects.

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Area of Science:

  • Occupational Health Psychology
  • Organizational Behavior
  • Mental Health Research

Background:

  • Loneliness is a recognized risk factor for mental and physical health issues, yet workplace loneliness remains under-researched.
  • Understanding the implications of workplace loneliness is crucial for both employees and employers.

Approach:

  • A systematic literature search was conducted across five major databases for studies published between 2000 and 2023.
  • Quantitative data were analyzed using narrative synthesis and meta-analysis, while qualitative data underwent thematic synthesis.
  • The Mixed-Methods Appraisal Tool was employed to assess the quality of the evidence.

Key Points:

  • Workplace loneliness is associated with decreased job performance (r=-0.35), reduced job satisfaction (r=-0.34), and poorer worker-manager relationships (r=-0.31).
  • Elevated burnout (r=0.39) and links to inadequate social interactions and mental health issues were also identified.
  • Most studies were cross-sectional, limiting the ability to establish causality.

Conclusions:

  • Loneliness at work is linked to diminished occupational functioning and well-being.
  • The work environment presents potential opportunities for interventions to address workplace loneliness.