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Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Lumped-Parameter and Finite Element Modeling of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction
Published on: February 13, 2021
[Current therapy of heart failure with mildly reduced or preserved left ventricular ejection fraction]
Insights
New heart failure guidelines recommend SGLT2 inhibitors for patients with mildly reduced or preserved ejection fraction. Finerenone is advised for those with diabetes and kidney issues, while iron may help improve quality of life in specific heart failure patients.
Area of Science:
- Cardiology
- Pharmacology
- Internal Medicine
Abstract:
Based on the results of recent clinical trials investigating patients with heart failure and a mildly reduced (HFmrEF) or preserved (HFpEF) left ventricular ejection fraction, an update of the ESC guidelines on acute and chronic heart failure as well as the German `Nationale Versorgungsleitlinie Herzinsuffizienz' has been released. Consistently, they now recommend the use of SGLT2 inhibitors also in these patients' groups. Further, patients with diabetes mellitus and chronic renal failure should receive the non-steroidal mineralocorticoid antagonist finerenone to reduce the risk of heart failure related hospitalization. In patients with HFmrEF, intravenous application of iron can be considered to improve quality of life in iron-depleted patients. Patients experiencing a heart failure related hospitalization shall receive the foundational guideline-directed pharmacotherapy already while in hospital and undergo a timely post discharge visit to further optimize treatment.
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