Allogeneic Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation for Mature T/NK-Cell Lymphomas in Children

Mature T/NK-cell lymphomas (MTCLs) are a heterogeneous group of lymphoproliferative disorders, relatively rare in adults and children. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) can be considered in some cases as a consolidation and is the first choice for refractory forms and relapses. We retrospectively analyzed 19 pediatric patients with MTCL who received allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation from a haploidentical or unrelated donor on the αβ T cell depletion platform. Among the studied patients, cutaneous T-cell lymphoma was diagnosed in 5, hepatosplenic γδT-cell lymphoma in 4, ALK-positive anaplastic large cell lymphoma in 9 patients, and 1 had nasal T/NK cell lymphoma. All patients received myeloablative conditioning based on treosulfan or total body irradiation. Non-relapse mortality was 5%, the cumulative incidence of relapse or progression at 5 years was 27%, 5-year event-free survival was 67%, and 5-year overall survival was 78%. Thus, our data support that allogeneic αβ T-cell-depleted HSCT can provide long-term overall survival of children with high-risk mature T-cell lymphomas.