Urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products in transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder

Urinary fibrin/fibrinogen degradation products (FDPs) were measured in 210 specimens from 174 patients with newly or previously diagnosed transitional cell carcinoma of the bladder. They were detected in 94% of patients with deeply invasive bladder tumours (pT2-4) compared with 17% of superficial tumours. Microalbuminuria (greater than 50 micrograms/g creatinine) was also found in 80% of patients with pT2-4 lesions. Both were compared with urine cytology. Urinary FDPs are markers of bladder tumour invasion. Our results suggest that urinary FDPs are not of value in screening for the presence of bladder neoplasia but their role may be in following patients with superficial bladder tumours to detect those tumours which become invasive. The mode of excretion of the FDPs in the urine is discussed.