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Innate immune responsive inflammation in development of progressive myopia
Suqi Pan1, Jianshu Yuan1, Yuanhui Jin2
1The Affiliated Ningbo Eye Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Ningbo, China.
Eye (London, England)
|January 29, 2024
Summary
Inflammation markers soluble intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (sICAM-1) and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) are elevated in high myopia. These cytokines may serve as biomarkers for progressive myopia and associated autoimmune inflammation.
Area of Science:
- Ophthalmology
- Immunology
- Biochemistry
Background:
- Inflammation is linked to myopia development.
- The precise timing and characteristics of inflammation in myopia progression remain unclear.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate cytokine profiles in aqueous humor across a spectrum of refractive statuses.
- To identify potential inflammatory biomarkers associated with myopia.
Main Methods:
- Aqueous humor from 142 eyes (emmetropia to high myopia) was analyzed for sICAM-1, MCP-1, and TGF-β2 using ELISA.
- Eye globe axial length was measured for all participants.
Main Results:
- sICAM-1 and MCP-1 levels were significantly higher in eyes with staphyloma or macular schisis.
- All three cytokines showed a positive association with eye globe axial length, independent of age and sex.
- The strength of association was highest for sICAM-1 and lowest for TGF-β2.
Conclusions:
- sICAM-1 and MCP-1 in ocular fluid may indicate progressive high myopia and underlying autoimmune inflammation.
- sICAM-1 shows potential as a monitoring biomarker for the development of pathological myopia.
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