Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 4, 2025
05:34
5/6 Nephrectomy Using Sharp Bipolectomy Via Midline Laparotomy in Rats
Published on: April 4, 2025
583
Age- and Race-Specific Changes in ESKD Incidence over Four Decades
Chyng-Wen Fwu1, Paul W Eggers2, Jenna M Norton2
1Social & Scientific Systems, Inc., a DLH Holdings Corp (DLH) Company, Silver Spring, Maryland.
Journal of the American Society of Nephrology : JASN
|January 30, 2024
Summary
End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) incidence increased for Black and White Americans from 1980 to 2019, with notable racial disparities persisting. While adolescent rates improved, other groups saw slower declines, highlighting ongoing challenges in addressing ESKD.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology and Public Health
- Epidemiology of Chronic Kidney Disease
- Racial Disparities in Healthcare Outcomes
Background:
- End-stage kidney disease (ESKD) incidence has significantly changed over the past four decades.
- Previous research has not fully explored age and racial differences in ESKD incidence trends.
- Understanding these trends is crucial for public health interventions and healthcare policy.
Purpose of the Study:
- To analyze long-term trends in ESKD incidence among different age and racial groups in the US.
- To identify significant changes in the annual percent change (APC) of ESKD incidence over time.
- To highlight persistent disparities in ESKD incidence between Black and White Americans.
Main Methods:
- Utilized United States Renal Data System (USRDS) data from 1980 to 2019.
- Analyzed ESKD incidence trends in Black and White adolescents (13-17), adults (18-64), and older adults (≥65).
- Employed Joinpoint Regression analysis to determine APC and significant slope changes in ESKD incidence.
Main Results:
- ESKD incidence increased across all analyzed groups after 1980, with varying trends.
- Incidence growth slowed for most by 1993, and by 2006, APC declined for all except White adults.
- By 2019, adolescent ESKD incidence neared 1980 levels, but other groups showed less improvement; Black patients consistently had higher rates than White patients across all age groups.
Conclusions:
- Distinct patterns of ESKD incidence exist across different age, sex, and racial groups.
- Findings suggest potential influences from dialysis acceptance, healthcare access, diabetes mellitus, and CKD treatment guidelines.
- Population-specific strategies are needed to curb ESKD growth and address racial disparities in the US.
Related Concept Videos
01:17Factors Affecting Renal Clearance: Renal Impairment
95
Renal dysfunction significantly impairs the renal clearance of drugs, leading to potential complications in drug therapy. Renal failure, which can be caused by various factors, poses a significant challenge in the elimination of drugs from the body.
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
One condition associated with renal failure is uremia. Uremia is characterized by impaired glomerular filtration and fluid accumulation in the body. This condition hinders the renal clearance of drugs, resulting in drug accumulation and potential...
95
01:11Renal Failure: Dose Adjustments
89
In patients with renal impairment, drugs undergo significant changes in their pharmacokinetics, which require dosage adjustments to ensure safe and effective therapy.
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
Reduced renal clearance and elimination rate are common outcomes of renal impairment. These alterations lead to a prolonged elimination half-life and an altered apparent volume of distribution for drugs. As a result, dosage adjustments are typically necessary to maintain optimal drug levels in the body.
However, dosage adjustments...
89
01:27Dialysis
314
Renal failure occurs when the kidneys lose their ability to filter waste products from the blood effectively. It can be classified into two types: acute renal failure (ARF) and chronic renal failure (CRF).
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
Acute kidney injury develops suddenly and can be caused by pre-renal causes (e.g., hypovolemia, shock), intrinsic renal causes (e.g., acute tubular necrosis), or post-renal causes (e.g., urinary obstruction). In contrast, chronic renal failure progresses gradually over time and is often...
314
01:10Nephrons
2.4K
The kidneys are intricate organs with millions of working units known as nephrons. Each nephron features two major structures: the renal corpuscle, which facilitates blood plasma filtration, and the renal tubule, which handles the glomerular filtrate. Blood supply is directly linked to the nephrons. The renal corpuscle consists of the glomerulus, a capillary network, and the Bowman's capsule, a double-walled epithelial structure that encases the glomerulus. The filtering of blood plasma...
2.4K
01:45Kidney Structure
69.7K
The kidneys are two large bean-shaped organs located in the upper abdomen. They filter the blood several times a day to remove toxins and rebalance water and electrolytes of the circulatory system via the renal veins. The kidneys receive blood directly from the heart via the renal arteries. These arteries enter the kidney at the hilum, the concave surface of the bean, where they branch and divide into smaller vessels and capillaries.
69.7K