Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Entropy and Solvation02:05

Entropy and Solvation

7.1K
The process of surrounding a solute with solvent is called solvation. It involves evenly distributing the solute within the solvent. The rule of thumb for determining a solvent for a given compound is that like dissolves like. A good solvent has molecular characteristics similar to those of the compound to be dissolved. For example, polar solutions dissolve polar solutes, and apolar solvents dissolve apolar solutes. A polar solvent is a solvent that has a high dielectric constant (ϵ...
7.1K
Solution Formation02:16

Solution Formation

31.5K
There is no one solvent that can dissolve every type of solute. Some substances that readily dissolve in a certain solvent might be insoluble in a different solvent. A simple way to predict which substances dissolve in which solvent is the phrase "like dissolves like". This means that polar substances, such as salt and sugar, dissolve in a polar substance like water. In contrast, non-polar substances are more soluble in non-polar solvents such as carbon tetrachloride.
This selective...
31.5K
Intermolecular Forces in Solutions02:28

Intermolecular Forces in Solutions

33.7K
The formation of a solution is an example of a spontaneous process, a process that occurs under specified conditions without energy from some external source.
When the strengths of the intermolecular forces of attraction between solute and solvent species in a solution are no different than those present in the separated components, the solution is formed with no accompanying energy change. Such a solution is called an ideal solution. A mixture of ideal gases (or gases such as helium and argon,...
33.7K
Size-Exclusion Chromatography01:08

Size-Exclusion Chromatography

585
In size-exclusion chromatography (SEC), also known as molecular-exclusion or gel-permeation chromatography, molecules are separated based on their sizes. This technique is important for separating large molecules such as polymers and biomolecules. The two classes of micron-sized stationary phases encountered in SEC are silica particles and cross-linked polymer resin beads. Both materials are porous, but their pore sizes vary significantly.
Silica particles offer advantages such as rigidity,...
585
Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties02:56

Intermolecular Forces and Physical Properties

20.8K
20.8K
Chemical and Solubility Equilibria02:21

Chemical and Solubility Equilibria

4.1K
The free energy change associated with dissolving a solute in a liter of solvent is called the free energy of a solution, ΔGsolution. The overall ΔGsolution is expressed as the balance of ΔGinteraction against the always-favorable free-energy of mixing, ΔGmixing. Solution formation is favorable if  ΔGsolution is less than zero, whereas it is unfavorable if ΔGsolution is greater than zero. In short, for a solution to form and complete dissolution to take place,...
4.1K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Latent asymmetry of gate opening and closing in a flexible MOF probed by time-resolved <i>in situ</i> XRD.

Chemical communications (Cambridge, England)·2025
Same author

Atomic Force Microscopy Strategies for Capturing Guest-Induced Structural Transitions in Single Flexible Metal-Organic Framework Particles.

Journal of the American Chemical Society·2025
Same author

Interconnected Lamellar 3D Semiconductive PCP for Rechargeable Aqueous Zinc Battery Cathodes.

Small (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)·2025
Same author

Size-dependent guest-memory switching of the flexible and robust adsorption characteristics of layered metal-organic frameworks.

Science advances·2024
Same author

Generalised analytical method unravels framework-dependent kinetics of adsorption-induced structural transition in flexible metal-organic frameworks.

Nature communications·2023
Same author

Fast Gas-Adsorption Kinetics in Supraparticle-Based MOF Packings with Hierarchical Porosity.

Advanced materials (Deerfield Beach, Fla.)·2023
Same journal

Anharmonic phonons via quantum thermal bath simulations.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Quantum simulation of alignment dependent differential cross sections in co-propagating molecular beams at cold collision energies.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Non-additive ion effects on the coil-globule equilibrium of a generic polymer in aqueous salt solutions.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Insights into the unexpected small reduction of the temperature of maximum density of water by lithium chloride addition.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Optical frequency comb double-resonance spectroscopy of the 9030-9175 cm-1 states of ethylene.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
Same journal

Time reversal breaking of colloidal particles in cells.

The Journal of chemical physics·2026
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.2K

Solute interaction-driven and solvent interaction-driven liquid-liquid phase separation induced by molecular size

Yuya Iida1, Shotaro Hiraide1, Minoru T Miyahara1

  • 1Department of Chemical Engineering, Kyoto University, Katsura, Nishikyo, Kyoto 615-8510, Japan.

The Journal of Chemical Physics
|January 30, 2024
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Molecular dynamics simulations reveal that molecule size ratio significantly impacts liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in solutions. The study explains LLPS behavior using a thermodynamic model based on molecular size and interaction strengths.

More Related Videos

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
12:37

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers

Published on: September 4, 2015

12.4K
On-Chip Octanol-Assisted Liposome Assembly for Bioengineering
09:45

On-Chip Octanol-Assisted Liposome Assembly for Bioengineering

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.6K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jul 4, 2025

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy
10:08

Phase Behavior of Charged Vesicles Under Symmetric and Asymmetric Solution Conditions Monitored with Fluorescence Microscopy

Published on: October 24, 2017

9.2K
Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers
12:37

Phase Diagram Characterization Using Magnetic Beads as Liquid Carriers

Published on: September 4, 2015

12.4K
On-Chip Octanol-Assisted Liposome Assembly for Bioengineering
09:45

On-Chip Octanol-Assisted Liposome Assembly for Bioengineering

Published on: March 17, 2023

2.6K

Area of Science:

  • Physical Chemistry
  • Computational Chemistry
  • Soft Matter Physics

Background:

  • Liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) is crucial for biological processes like organelle formation and crystallization.
  • Understanding LLPS mechanisms in simple model systems provides fundamental insights into complex phenomena.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the influence of molecular size ratio on LLPS in a binary Lennard-Jones system.
  • To elucidate the underlying mechanisms governing LLPS behavior based on molecular interactions and thermodynamics.

Main Methods:

  • Conducting molecular dynamics (MD) simulations using a binary Lennard-Jones potential.
  • Developing and applying a thermodynamic model based on classical nucleation theory to analyze simulation results.

Main Results:

  • LLPS behavior was highly sensitive to the size ratio between solute and solvent molecules.
  • Increasing the size ratio could either promote or hinder LLPS, contingent on interaction strengths.
  • A thermodynamic model successfully explained the observed LLPS trends by considering changes in interaction pairs.

Conclusions:

  • Molecular size is a key determinant of LLPS behavior, influencing the balance of interaction pairs.
  • The study demonstrates a shift in LLPS driving forces from solute-centric to solvent-centric interactions with increasing size ratio.