A Global View of Pemphigus: Geographical Variations

Area of Science:

• Dermatology
• Autoimmune Diseases
• Epidemiology

Background:

• Pemphigus is a group of autoimmune intraepidermal bullous diseases with approximately eight forms.
• Pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) are the most common global variants.
• Current epidemiological data for pemphigus are limited and poorly categorized.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and characterize published cases of pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and pemphigus foliaceus (PF) globally.
• To identify and track the distribution of PV and PF cases worldwide.
• To address the limitations in current epidemiological data for these pemphigus variants.

Main Methods:

• A systematic review methodology was employed, including formulating a research question and defining inclusion criteria.
• Data were systematically collected, summarized, and presented using narrative descriptions from selected publications.
• A comprehensive literature search yielded 3,212 articles, with 95 undergoing critical analysis and data extraction.

Main Results:

• The review included studies from 52 countries, encompassing various pemphigus variants.
• Iran (18.87%) and South Korea (11.43%) accounted for approximately one-third of reported PV cases.
• Brazil contributed 40.25% of the documented cases for pemphigus foliaceus variants.

Conclusions:

• The study provides valuable insights into the global distribution patterns of pemphigus vulgaris and pemphigus foliaceus.
• Identified geographical concentrations of PV and PF cases can guide targeted research and public health initiatives.
• Enhanced epidemiological data are crucial for understanding and managing pemphigus globally.