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Updated: Sep 20, 2025

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates

Behavioral Assessment of Manual Dexterity in Non-Human Primates

Published on: November 11, 2011

Subthalamic Activity for Motor Execution and Cancelation in Monkeys.

Zlata Polyakova^1,2,3, Nobuhiko Hatanaka^1,2, Satomi Chiken^1,2

¹Division of System Neurophysiology, National Institute for Physiological Sciences, Okazaki 444-8585, Japan.

The Journal of Neuroscience : the Official Journal of the Society for Neuroscience

|January 30, 2024

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) controls movement execution and cancellation. Dorsal STN neurons receiving motor cortex input prepare, execute, and cancel planned movements, with direction-selective activity.

Keywords:

basal ganglia goal-directed reaching task hyperdirect pathway indirect pathway primary motor cortex supplementary motor area

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Last Updated: Sep 20, 2025

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Area of Science:

Neuroscience
Motor Control
Basal Ganglia Function

Background:

The subthalamic nucleus (STN) is crucial for voluntary movement control and movement disorders.
STN neurons exhibit altered activity during movement execution and movement cancellation.
Understanding the relationship between STN's execution and cancellation functions is vital.

Purpose of the Study:

To investigate the role of the dorsal subthalamic nucleus (STN) in movement execution and cancellation.
To examine the relationship between STN activity and motor cortical inputs during goal-directed tasks.

Main Methods:

Recorded STN neuronal activity in Japanese monkeys (Macaca fuscata) during a goal-directed reaching task.
Included Go, Cancel, and NoGo trials to differentiate movement-related activity.
Stimulated forelimb regions of the primary motor cortex and supplementary motor area.

Main Results:

STN neurons with motor cortical inputs in the dorsal somatomotor region showed activity changes in Go trials (movement execution).
A subset of these neurons also showed activity changes in Cancel trials (movement cancellation) and sustained activity during delay periods (movement preparation).
Movement-related activity was direction-selective, particularly in Cancel trials, and occurred early enough to initiate or cancel movements.

Conclusions:

The dorsal STN, receiving motor cortical inputs, is involved in preparing and executing movements.
The dorsal STN plays a significant role in canceling planned movements.
Directional selectivity in STN activity is enhanced during movement cancellation compared to execution.