Immunothrombosis in neurovascular disease.
Frederik Denorme1,2, Abigail Ajanel1,3, Robert A Campbell1,3,4
1University of Utah Molecular Medicine Program, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
Research and Practice in Thrombosis and Haemostasis
|January 31, 2024
Summary
This review explores immunothrombosis in neurovascular diseases, focusing on stroke. Understanding the immune response is key to developing new therapies for stroke and other brain conditions.
Area of Science:
- Neuroscience
- Immunology
- Vascular Biology
Background:
- Stroke remains a leading cause of death and disability globally, despite therapeutic advances.
- Brain injury post-ischemic stroke involves infarct core formation, hypoperfusion, cell death, and inflammation.
- Translating anti-inflammatory therapies from experimental models to clinical practice for stroke has been challenging.
Purpose of the Study:
- To provide an overview of the immune response in ischemic stroke.
- To elucidate the role of immunothrombosis in stroke pathogenesis.
- To discuss therapeutic strategies for mitigating detrimental immunothrombosis and their application to other neurovascular diseases.
Main Methods:
- Review of current scientific literature on immunothrombosis and neurovascular diseases.
- Synthesis of knowledge presented at the 2023 International Society on Thrombosis and Haemostasis Congress.
- Discussion of translational challenges and future therapeutic directions.
Main Results:
- Ischemic stroke involves a complex immune response contributing to brain injury.
- Immunothrombosis plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke.
- Therapeutic strategies targeting immunothrombosis show promise for stroke and related neurovascular conditions.
Conclusions:
- A deeper understanding of the immune response in ischemic stroke is crucial for therapeutic advancement.
- Targeting immunothrombosis offers a potential avenue for treating stroke and neurovascular diseases like Alzheimer's and multiple sclerosis.
- Further research is needed to translate these findings into effective clinical interventions.
More Related Videos
13:10Combined Near-infrared Fluorescent Imaging and Micro-computed Tomography for Directly Visualizing Cerebral Thromboemboli
Published on: September 25, 2016
9.9K
07:05Visualization of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps in Mesenteric Venules After Mesenteric Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury via Intravital Microscopy
Published on: September 27, 2024
453
Related Concept Videos
01:27Psychoneuroimmunology: Cardiovascular Disease
31
Psychoneuroimmunology (PNI) is a multidisciplinary field that examines how psychological factors, particularly stress, interact with the immune system and impact physical health. Research in PNI has shown that chronic or traumatic stress can disrupt both the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and the sympathetic nervous system. These disruptions contribute to serious health conditions, including cardiovascular diseases.
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
A key area of focus in PNI is the relationship between stress and coronary...
31
01:30Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins
698
Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...
698
01:24Disorders of Hemostasis
915
Hemostasis, the process that stops bleeding after a blood vessel injury, is crucial for maintaining the integrity of the circulatory system. However, disorders of hemostasis can disrupt this delicate balance, leading to either excessive clotting or bleeding. These disorders can be broadly classified into thromboembolic disorders and bleeding disorders.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
Thromboembolic Disorders
Two factors primarily cause thromboembolic conditions.
915
00:49The Blood-brain Barrier
47.4K
Overview
47.4K
01:18Anticoagulant Drugs: Vitamin K Antagonists and Direct Oral Anticoagulants
1.2K
Oral anticoagulants are vital tools in preventing and treating blood clotting disorders. This diverse class of medications can be categorized as vitamin K antagonists, exemplified by warfarin, and direct thrombin inhibitors (DTIs), such as dabigatran, as well as factor Xa inhibitors, including rivaroxaban.
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
Warfarin, a prominent vitamin K antagonist family member, exerts its effect by inhibiting the enzyme VKORC1 (vitamin K epoxide reductase complex 1). By hindering this enzyme, warfarin...
1.2K
01:16Vascular Spasm
1.4K
The vascular phase, also known as vasospasm, is the initial stage of hemostasis, crucial for preventing excessive bleeding when a blood vessel is injured. After a vessel is cut, nerves in the damaged area trigger pain and other sensory impulses. Simultaneously, the smooth muscles in the vessel wall contract, resulting in a vascular spasm. This contraction reduces the vessel's diameter at the injury site, slowing or stopping blood loss through the vessel wall. Vascular spasms typically last...
1.4K