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Body composition after implementation of an enhanced parenteral nutrition protocol in the neonatal intensive care

Emily M Nagel1, Jennifer Super2, Nicholas A Marka3

  • 1Division of Epidemiology and Community Health, School of Public Health, University of MN, Minneapolis, MN, USA.

Annals of Human Biology
|January 31, 2024
PubMed

Insights

Enhanced parenteral nutrition for very low birthweight (VLBW) infants did not significantly alter growth or body composition in this pilot study. Further research is needed to confirm these findings in larger trials.

Area of Science:

  • Neonatalogy
  • Pediatric Nutrition
  • Growth and Development

Background:

  • Very low birthweight (VLBW) infants face risks of growth failure and neurodevelopmental issues.
  • Optimized parenteral nutrition aims to improve growth but raises concerns about early adiposity and later metabolic disease.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between enhanced or standard parenteral nutrition and growth/body composition in VLBW preterm infants.
  • To assess the impact of early nutrition protocols on neonatal intensive care unit outcomes.

Main Methods:

  • Secondary analysis of a clinical trial involving randomization of VLBW infants to standard or enhanced parenteral nutrition.
  • Mixed-effects linear regression models used to evaluate weekly growth and body composition in clinically stable infants before discharge.

Main Results:

  • No statistically significant differences in infant growth or body composition were found between the enhanced and standard parenteral nutrition groups.
  • The observed associations between nutrition protocols and growth/body composition measures were not statistically significant (p >.05).

Conclusions:

  • Enhanced parenteral nutrition in the first week of life did not lead to significant differences in infant growth or body composition during hospitalization in this pilot trial.
  • Findings suggest that early enhanced parenteral nutrition may not adversely affect early growth trajectories or body composition in VLBW infants.
Abstract

Keywords:
Prematurityenhanced nutritionparenteral nutrition

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