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    A new regularized cost function (RCF) enhances contrast and uniformity for structured light, overcoming trade-offs in wavefront shaping through scattering media for improved resolution.

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    Area of Science:

    • Optics and Photonics
    • Computational Imaging
    • Wavefront Engineering

    Background:

    • Wavefront shaping is critical for generating structured light through scattering media.
    • Existing methods face a trade-off between resolution and contrast enhancement.
    • Iterative optimization algorithms rely heavily on sensitive cost functions.

    Purpose of the Study:

    • To develop a novel cost function that improves contrast and maintains high resolution in structured light.
    • To address the limitations of traditional cost functions in wavefront shaping applications.
    • To enhance the performance of focusing light through scattering media.

    Main Methods:

    • Development of an ℓ2-norm based quadratic cost function (L2QN).
    • Proposal and implementation of a regularized cost function (RCF).
    • Validation through both numerical simulations and experimental setups.

    Main Results:

    • The proposed RCF significantly improves contrast and structural uniformity.
    • High resolution of structured light is maintained while enhancing contrast.
    • Effective performance demonstrated in focusing light through scattering media and in diffused reflection mode.

    Conclusions:

    • The regularized cost function (RCF) offers a superior approach for wavefront shaping.
    • This method overcomes the resolution-contrast trade-off in structured light generation.
    • Potential applications span diverse fields including microscopy, lithography, and medical treatments.