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Updated: Jul 4, 2025

An Oncogenic Hepatocyte-Induced Orthotopic Mouse Model of Hepatocellular Cancer Arising in the Setting of Hepatic Inflammation and Fibrosis
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Targeting Angiogenesis Alone and in Combination with Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors in Advanced Gastroesophageal

Alireza Tojjari1, Robin Park2, James Yu2

  • 1Department of Medicine, Division of Hematology & Oncology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center (UPMC), Pittsburgh, PA, 15213, USA.

Current Gastroenterology Reports
|January 31, 2024
PubMed
Abstract

Insights

Targeting angiogenesis with inhibitors and combining them with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) shows promise for advanced gastroesophageal cancers. This approach improves survival outcomes and response rates in patients with limited options.

Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Gastroenterology
  • Translational Medicine

Background:

  • Advanced gastroesophageal malignancies present significant therapeutic challenges.
  • Conventional chemotherapy has limited efficacy in later disease stages.
  • Angiogenesis is a key pathway in tumor growth and progression.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review current treatment strategies for advanced gastroesophageal cancers.
  • To evaluate angiogenesis as a therapeutic target.
  • To explore the combination of angiogenesis inhibitors and immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs).

Main Methods:

  • Critical review of recent clinical trials and emerging evidence.
  • Analysis of data on VEGFR pathway inhibitors (e.g., regorafenib, apatinib, sunitinib).
  • Examination of studies involving combination therapies with ICIs.

Main Results:

  • VEGFR pathway inhibitors demonstrate significant benefits in progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS).
  • Clinical trials like INTEGRATE IIa highlight the efficacy of targeted therapies.
  • Combination therapies with ICIs show increased response rates in advanced gastroesophageal cancers.

Conclusions:

  • Targeting angiogenesis is a crucial strategy for advanced gastroesophageal malignancies.
  • Combining angiogenesis inhibitors with ICIs offers a promising therapeutic approach.
  • The treatment landscape is shifting towards targeted therapy and immunotherapy for improved patient outcomes.
Keywords:
AngiogenesisGastroesophagealImmune Checkpoint InhibitorsVEGFR

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