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Related Concept Videos

Tumor Progression02:07

Tumor Progression

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Tumor progression is a phenomenon where the pre-formed tumor acquires successive mutations to become clinically more aggressive and malignant. In the 1950s, Foulds first described the stepwise progression of cancer cells through successive stages.
Colon cancer is one of the best-documented examples of tumor progression. Early mutation in the APC gene in colon cells causes a small growth on the colon wall called a polyp. With time, this polyp grows into a benign, pre-cancerous tumor. Further...
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Cancer-Critical Genes I: Proto-oncogenes01:33

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
When the function of certain critical genes, especially those involved in cell cycle regulation and cell growth signaling cascades, gets disrupted, it upsets the cell cycle progression. Such cells with unchecked cell cycles start proliferating uncontrollably and eventually develop into tumors.
Such genes that act...
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Cancer-Critical Genes II: Tumor Suppressor Genes01:05

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Genes usually encode proteins necessary for the proper functioning of a healthy cell. Mutations can often cause changes to the gene expression pattern, thereby altering the phenotype.
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Loss of Tumor Suppressor Gene Functions01:12

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Tumor suppressor genes are normal genes that can slow down cell division, repair DNA mistakes, or program the cells for apoptosis in case of irreparable damage. Hence, they play an essential role in preventing the proliferation of damaged cells.
When the tumor suppressor genes develop mutations or are lost, cells start growing out of control, leading to cancer. However, a single functional copy of the tumor suppressor gene is enough for the cells to maintain their normal functions and cell...
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mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression03:03

mTOR Signaling and Cancer Progression

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The mammalian target of rapamycin or mTOR protein was discovered in 1994 due to its direct interaction with rapamycin. The protein gets its name from a yeast homolog called TOR. The mTOR protein complex in mammalian cells plays a major role in balancing anabolic processes such as the synthesis of proteins, lipids, and nucleotides and catabolic processes, such as autophagy in response to environmental cues, such as availability of nutrients and growth factors.
The mTOR pathway or the...
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Cancer Stem Cells and Tumor Maintenance02:40

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Early diagnosis and treatment can often cure cancer. However, even with treatment, residual cells called cancer stem cells (CSC) might remain, often causing tumor recurrence. These cancer stem cells possess the potential for self-renewal and multi-lineage differentiation and are often responsible for the therapeutic resistance displayed in most cancers.
Cancer stem cells are thought to originate from tissue-specific normal stem cells or progenitor cells. The normal stem cells usually reside in...
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Discovery of Driver Genes in Colorectal HT29-derived Cancer Stem-Like Tumorspheres
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Explore Key Genes and Mechanisms Involved in Colon Cancer Progression Based on Bioinformatics Analysis.

Yongting Lan1, Xiuzhen Yang2, Yulian Wei3

  • 1Department of Gastroenterology, Zibo Central Hospital, Zibo, 255036, Shandong, China.

Applied Biochemistry and Biotechnology
|January 31, 2024
PubMed
Summary

This study identifies CCNB1, CLCA1, and PLK4 as key genes that inhibit colon cancer progression by reducing cancer cell proliferation and migration while promoting apoptosis. These findings offer potential therapeutic targets for colon cancer treatment.

Keywords:
BiomarkerColon cancerHub genePrognosis

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Area of Science:

  • Oncology
  • Molecular Biology
  • Genetics

Background:

  • Colon cancer progression involves complex molecular mechanisms.
  • Identifying prognostic biomarkers is crucial for patient outcomes.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To explore colon cancer progression mechanisms.
  • To identify hub genes associated with colon cancer patient prognosis.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) datasets (GSE10950, GSE62932) and GEO2R to identify differentially expressed genes (DEGs).
  • Performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analyses.
  • Constructed protein-protein interaction (PPI) networks using STRING and Cytoscape to identify hub genes.
  • Validated prognostic-related hub genes using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and Kaplan-Meier survival analysis.
  • Experimentally validated gene expression and functional roles in colon cancer cell lines (LOVO) and normal cells (NCM-460) via RT-qPCR, Western blot, and functional assays (proliferation, migration, apoptosis).

Main Results:

  • Identified 266 common DEGs, enriched in cell cycle and metabolic pathways.
  • Discovered 10 hub genes, with CCNB1, CLCA1, and PLK4 identified as significantly associated with prognosis.
  • Demonstrated that increased expression of CCNB1, CLCA1, and PLK4 inhibits colon cancer cell proliferation and migration while inducing apoptosis.

Conclusions:

  • CCNB1, CLCA1, and PLK4 are identified as crucial genes that can suppress colon cancer progression.
  • These genes hold potential as therapeutic targets for colon cancer treatment.