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A Review of In Vitro and In Silico Swallowing Simulators: Design and Applications.

Zhonghan Duanmu, Sherine J V Ali, Jacqueline Allen

IEEE Transactions on Bio-Medical Engineering

|January 31, 2024

Summary

This review evaluates in vitro and in silico swallowing simulators, comparing their designs to human swallowing mechanics. It assesses their potential for studying swallowing impairments and managing dysphagia.

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Area of Science:

Biomechanical Engineering
Physiology
Computational Modeling

Background:

Swallowing is a complex physiological process essential for nutrient intake.
In vivo studies of swallowing are challenging due to ethical and practical limitations.
In vitro and in silico methods offer alternative approaches to study swallowing.

Purpose of the Study:

To review and evaluate the current state of in vitro and in silico swallowing simulators.
To compare the mechanical and computational designs of simulators with human swallowing mechanisms.
To discuss the applications and limitations of these simulators in various fields.

Main Methods:

Systematic literature review of in vitro and in silico swallowing simulators.
Comparative analysis of simulator designs against physiological swallowing phases (oral, pharyngeal, esophageal).
Evaluation of simulator applications in areas like dysphagia and medication delivery.

Main Results:

Significant advancements in in vitro and in silico swallowing simulator technology.
Varied degrees of success in replicating the complexity of human swallowing phases.
Identified potential applications in clinical and industrial settings.

Conclusions:

In vitro and in silico simulators show promise for advancing swallowing research.
Further development is needed to improve the fidelity of existing simulators.
These tools can aid in understanding swallowing disorders and optimizing food/drug design.